Exposure to 16 Hz Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Protect the Structural Integrity of Primary Cilia and Associated TGF-β Signaling in Osteoprogenitor Cells Harmed by Cigarette Smoke

Exposure to 16 Hz Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Protect the Structural Integrity of Primary Cilia and Associated TGF-β Signaling in Osteoprogenitor Cells Harmed by Cigarette Smoke

Cigarette smoking (CS) is one of the main factors related to avoidable diseases and death across the world. Cigarette smoke consists of numerous toxic compounds that contribute to the development of osteoporosis and fracture nonunion. Exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) was proven to be...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yangmengfan Chen, Romina H. Aspera-Werz, Maximilian M. Menger, Karsten Falldorf, Michael Ronniger, Christina Stacke, Tina Histing, Andreas K. Nussler, Sabrina Ehnert
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-06-01
Series:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs)
mesenchymal stem cells
bone healing
cigarette smoke extract
TGF-β signaling
primary cilium
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/13/7036

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