The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study

Abstract Background The Sri Lankan traditional betel quid (TBQ) which had been extensively used in the country before its colonization is claimed to have antiperiodontopathic effects in the Sri Lankan folklore. However, there is no reported scientific evidence to support the claimed antiperiodontopa...

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Main Authors: Madhavi Priyanka Paranagama, Nadisha Sewwandi Piyarathne, Tharanga Lakmali Nandasena, Sumedha Jayatilake, Ayanthi Navaratne, Bandula Prasanna Galhena, Senani Williams, Jayantha Rajapakse, Kiyoshi Kita
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2020-08-01
Series:BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
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Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-020-03048-6
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spelling doaj-ec637cde08fb42f9b554a9c68db0100a2020-11-25T03:44:40ZengBMCBMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies2662-76712020-08-0120111210.1186/s12906-020-03048-6The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro studyMadhavi Priyanka Paranagama0Nadisha Sewwandi Piyarathne1Tharanga Lakmali Nandasena2Sumedha Jayatilake3Ayanthi Navaratne4Bandula Prasanna Galhena5Senani Williams6Jayantha Rajapakse7Kiyoshi Kita8Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of PeradeniyaDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of PeradeniyaDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of PeradeniyaDepartment of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of PeradeniyaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of PeradeniyaDepartment of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of KelaniyaDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of KelaniyaDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Science, University of PeradeniyaSchool of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki UniversityAbstract Background The Sri Lankan traditional betel quid (TBQ) which had been extensively used in the country before its colonization is claimed to have antiperiodontopathic effects in the Sri Lankan folklore. However, there is no reported scientific evidence to support the claimed antiperiodontopathic effects mediated by this TBQ. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of the Sri Lankan TBQ in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Methods We investigate the ethyl acetate extract of the Sri Lankan TBQ for its antibacterial effects against the keystone periodontopathic bacterium, P. gingivalis and also its antioxidant potential, which is important to protect the periodontium from oxidative stress. Further, its safety was analyzed using the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Results Ethyl acetate extract of this TBQ inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 125 μg/ml. It was found to be a rich source of polyphenols and displayed considerable DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities and a strong ferric reducing antioxidant power. This extract could protect the cultured human gingival fibroblasts from H2O2 induced oxidative stress. In addition, this TBQ extract was not genotoxic to human PBLs even at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml. Moreover, it exhibited protective effects against bleomycin induced genotoxicity in PBLs. Conclusion Ethyl acetate extract of the Sri Lankan TBQ is a source of natural antibacterial compounds against P. gingivalis. It is also a source of natural antioxidants which can protect human gingival fibroblasts from H2O2 induced oxidative stress. These properties of the TBQ may have contributed to its claimed antiperiodontopathic effects. Besides, it was found to be relatively non-toxic to human cells. Thus this TBQ extract has a huge potential to be developed as a novel adjunctive therapeutic lead against periodontitis.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-020-03048-6Sri Lankan traditional betel quidChronic periodontitisP. gingivalisOxidative stressGenotoxicityCytotoxicity
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Madhavi Priyanka Paranagama
Nadisha Sewwandi Piyarathne
Tharanga Lakmali Nandasena
Sumedha Jayatilake
Ayanthi Navaratne
Bandula Prasanna Galhena
Senani Williams
Jayantha Rajapakse
Kiyoshi Kita
spellingShingle Madhavi Priyanka Paranagama
Nadisha Sewwandi Piyarathne
Tharanga Lakmali Nandasena
Sumedha Jayatilake
Ayanthi Navaratne
Bandula Prasanna Galhena
Senani Williams
Jayantha Rajapakse
Kiyoshi Kita
The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Sri Lankan traditional betel quid
Chronic periodontitis
P. gingivalis
Oxidative stress
Genotoxicity
Cytotoxicity
author_facet Madhavi Priyanka Paranagama
Nadisha Sewwandi Piyarathne
Tharanga Lakmali Nandasena
Sumedha Jayatilake
Ayanthi Navaratne
Bandula Prasanna Galhena
Senani Williams
Jayantha Rajapakse
Kiyoshi Kita
author_sort Madhavi Priyanka Paranagama
title The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study
title_short The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study
title_full The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study
title_fullStr The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study
title_full_unstemmed The Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a Sri Lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study
title_sort porphyromonas gingivalis inhibitory effects, antioxidant effects and the safety of a sri lankan traditional betel quid - an in vitro study
publisher BMC
series BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
issn 2662-7671
publishDate 2020-08-01
description Abstract Background The Sri Lankan traditional betel quid (TBQ) which had been extensively used in the country before its colonization is claimed to have antiperiodontopathic effects in the Sri Lankan folklore. However, there is no reported scientific evidence to support the claimed antiperiodontopathic effects mediated by this TBQ. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of the Sri Lankan TBQ in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Methods We investigate the ethyl acetate extract of the Sri Lankan TBQ for its antibacterial effects against the keystone periodontopathic bacterium, P. gingivalis and also its antioxidant potential, which is important to protect the periodontium from oxidative stress. Further, its safety was analyzed using the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Results Ethyl acetate extract of this TBQ inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 125 μg/ml. It was found to be a rich source of polyphenols and displayed considerable DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities and a strong ferric reducing antioxidant power. This extract could protect the cultured human gingival fibroblasts from H2O2 induced oxidative stress. In addition, this TBQ extract was not genotoxic to human PBLs even at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml. Moreover, it exhibited protective effects against bleomycin induced genotoxicity in PBLs. Conclusion Ethyl acetate extract of the Sri Lankan TBQ is a source of natural antibacterial compounds against P. gingivalis. It is also a source of natural antioxidants which can protect human gingival fibroblasts from H2O2 induced oxidative stress. These properties of the TBQ may have contributed to its claimed antiperiodontopathic effects. Besides, it was found to be relatively non-toxic to human cells. Thus this TBQ extract has a huge potential to be developed as a novel adjunctive therapeutic lead against periodontitis.
topic Sri Lankan traditional betel quid
Chronic periodontitis
P. gingivalis
Oxidative stress
Genotoxicity
Cytotoxicity
url http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-020-03048-6
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