λ-cyhalothrin induced genotoxicity in freshwater fish Labeo rohita

• Main Authors: P. D. Gadhave, R. S. Brar, H. S. Banga, A. Dhawan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Veterinary World 2014-06-01
• Series: Veterinary World
• Subjects: λ-cyhalothrin; genotoxicity; Labeo rohita; micronuclei
• Online Access: http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.7/June-2014/10.pdf

Aim: To study the genotoxicity of λ-cyhalothrin in Labeo rohita by determining the induction of micronuclei (MN) in erythrocytes. Materials and Methods: The genotoxicity of to λ-cyhalothrin was studied using 300 Labeo rohita fingerlings with reference the guidelines of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 204 except the loading density which was higher than the recommended density 1.0 g/l to reduce the chemical loss. The disinfection and acclimation for 14 days were done at the site of experiment. Fish were divided into five groups of 20 fish each. Group I exposed to 0.27µg/l while Group II exposed to 0.054 µg/l of λ-cyhalothrin. There were three control groups, Group III contain only water, Group IV vehicle control with 0.27µg/l acetone and Group V positive control with 5 mg/l cyclophosphamide. The experiment was conducted in triplicate. Water quality parameters like temperature, pH, total hardness and total alkalinity were measured on every 15 days. Twenty litres of water from each aquaria was exchanged daily with water containing respective concentration of chemical to maintain water quality and chemical concentration. On 15th, 30th and 45th day blood was collected from four fish per aquaria and pooled to get two blood samples. Three blood smears were prepared from each blood sample and stained with Giemsa-Wright. For every blood smear MN frequency per 1000 erythrocytes was counted. Finally the MN assay was given as average frequency per group. Results: The highest frequency of MN was observed on 15th day in dose dependent manner. However there was time dependent decrease in frequency of MN on 30th and 45th day. Conclusions: λ-cyhalothrin was genotoxic to Labeo rohita and micronuclei assay is suitable for detecting genotoxicity of λ-cyhalothrin in Labeo rohita due to acute exposures.