Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath Signals

Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath Signals

A nonlinear least squares fitting algorithm is used to estimate both snow depth and snow density for a snow-layer above a flat ground reflector. The product of these two quantities, snow depth and density, provides an estimate of the snow water equivalent. The input to this algorithm is a simple ray...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Mark D. Jacobson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2010-10-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
global positioning system (GPS)
multipath
specular reflection
snow depth
snow density
snow water equivalent
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/2/10/2426/
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spelling doaj-e797f41873344269821c93219b6de4442020-11-25T01:10:19ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922010-10-012102426244110.3390/rs2102426Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath SignalsMark D. JacobsonA nonlinear least squares fitting algorithm is used to estimate both snow depth and snow density for a snow-layer above a flat ground reflector. The product of these two quantities, snow depth and density, provides an estimate of the snow water equivalent. The input to this algorithm is a simple ray model that includes a speculary reflected signal along with a direct signal. These signals are transmitted from the global positioning system satellites at 1.57542 GHz with right-hand circularly polarization. The elevation angles of interest at the GPS receiving antenna are between 5° and 30°. The results from this nonlinear algorithm show potential for inferring snow water equivalent using GPS multipath signals. http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/2/10/2426/global positioning system (GPS)multipathspecular reflectionsnow depthsnow densitysnow water equivalent
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Mark D. Jacobson
spellingShingle Mark D. Jacobson
Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath Signals
Remote Sensing
global positioning system (GPS)
multipath
specular reflection
snow depth
snow density
snow water equivalent
author_facet Mark D. Jacobson
author_sort Mark D. Jacobson
title Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath Signals
title_short Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath Signals
title_full Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath Signals
title_fullStr Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath Signals
title_full_unstemmed Inferring Snow Water Equivalent for a Snow-Covered Ground Reflector Using GPS Multipath Signals
title_sort inferring snow water equivalent for a snow-covered ground reflector using gps multipath signals
publisher MDPI AG
series Remote Sensing
issn 2072-4292
publishDate 2010-10-01
description A nonlinear least squares fitting algorithm is used to estimate both snow depth and snow density for a snow-layer above a flat ground reflector. The product of these two quantities, snow depth and density, provides an estimate of the snow water equivalent. The input to this algorithm is a simple ray model that includes a speculary reflected signal along with a direct signal. These signals are transmitted from the global positioning system satellites at 1.57542 GHz with right-hand circularly polarization. The elevation angles of interest at the GPS receiving antenna are between 5° and 30°. The results from this nonlinear algorithm show potential for inferring snow water equivalent using GPS multipath signals.
topic global positioning system (GPS)
multipath
specular reflection
snow depth
snow density
snow water equivalent
url http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/2/10/2426/
work_keys_str_mv AT markdjacobson inferringsnowwaterequivalentforasnowcoveredgroundreflectorusinggpsmultipathsignals
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