Western and non-western gut microbiomes reveal new roles of Prevotella in carbohydrate metabolism and mouth–gut axis

• Main Authors: Vishnu Prasoodanan P. K., Ashok K. Sharma, Shruti Mahajan, Darshan B. Dhakan, Abhijit Maji, Joy Scaria, Vineet K. Sharma
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Nature Publishing Group 2021-10-01
• Series: npj Biofilms and Microbiomes
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-021-00248-x

Abstract The abundance and diversity of host-associated Prevotella species have a profound impact on human health. To investigate the composition, diversity, and functional roles of Prevotella in the human gut, a population-wide analysis was carried out on 586 healthy samples from western and non-western populations including the largest Indian cohort comprising of 200 samples, and 189 Inflammatory Bowel Disease samples from western populations. A higher abundance and diversity of Prevotella copri species enriched in complex plant polysaccharides metabolizing enzymes, particularly pullulanase containing polysaccharide-utilization-loci (PUL), were found in Indian and non-western populations. A higher diversity of oral inflammations-associated Prevotella species and an enrichment of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in the gut microbiome of western populations speculates an existence of a mouth-gut axis. The study revealed the landscape of Prevotella composition in the human gut microbiome and its impact on health in western and non-western populations.