Cancer in Women over 50 Years of Age: A Focus on Smoking

• Main Authors: Luiz Francisco Baccaro, Délio Marques Conde, Lúcia Costa-Paiva, Vanessa de Souza Santos Machado, Aarão Mendes Pinto-Neto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2015-03-01
• Series: Cancers
• Subjects: neoplasms; menopause; risk factors; life style; smoking
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/7/1/450

The increase in life expectancy worldwide has resulted in a greater prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of cancer among Brazilian women over the age of 50. A cross-sectional study with 622 women over the age of 50 was performed using a population survey. The outcome variable was the occurrence of a malignant tumor in any location. The independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics, self-perception of health, health-related habits and morbidities. Statistical analysis was carried out using the chi-square test and Poisson regression. The mean age of the women was 64.1 years. The prevalence of cancer was 6.8%. The main sites of occurrence of malignant tumors were the breast (31.9%), colorectal (12.7%) and skin (12.7%). In the final statistical model, the only factor associated with cancer was smoking > 15 cigarettes/day either currently or in the past: PR 2.03 (95% CI 1.06–3.89). The results have improved understanding of the prevalence and factors associated with cancer in Brazilian women aged 50 years or more. They should be encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle and pay particular attention to modifiable risk factors such as smoking.