Seroepidemiological aspects of Leishmania spp. in dogs in the Itaguai micro-region, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Aspectos soroepidemiológicos de Leishmania spp. em cães na microrregião de Itaguaí, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

This study evaluated factors associated with the frequency of Leishmania spp. antibodies in dogs residing in the Itaguai micro-region, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 524 dogs. The serum samples were submitted to indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme...

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Main Authors: Claudia Bezerra da Silva, Joice Aparecida Rezende Vilela, Marcus Sandes Pires, Huarrisson Azevedo Santos, Aline Falqueto, Maristela Peckle Peixoto, Thais de Andrade Oliveira, Fernanda Nunes Santos, Valmir Laurentino Silva, Argemiro Sanavria, Carlos Luiz Massard
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria 2013-03-01
Series:Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-29612013000100039
Description
Summary:This study evaluated factors associated with the frequency of Leishmania spp. antibodies in dogs residing in the Itaguai micro-region, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 524 dogs. The serum samples were submitted to indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Leishmania spp. The frequency of seropositive dogs was 28.24% (n = 148) in the micro-region, and among the three municipalities within that region, the highest frequency (p < 0.05) was observed in Seropedica (59.46%), followed by Itaguai (29.05%) and Mangaratiba (11.49%). Regarding factors associated with the host, mongrel dogs and those over the age of two presented higher frequency of antibodies to Leishmania spp. (p < 0.05). Concerning factors related to the environment and habits of the animal, dogs residing in rural areas (FR = 1.67, p = 0.0002), living outside the residence (FR = 1.42, p = 0.0197), with access to forest, streams and pastures (FR = 2.81, p = 0.0007), remaining loose (FR = 1.66, p = 0.0073), and those that had no shelter (FR = 2.16, p < 0.0001) were more likely to be seropositive. Canine leishmaniasis is a disease with high occurrence in the Itaguai micro-region, and aspects such as the definition of breed, age, habits and care by owners showed significant association in this micro-region.<br>Este estudo avaliou os fatores associados &#224; frequ&#234;ncia de anticorpos espec&#237;ficos para Leishmania spp. em c&#227;es domiciliados na microrregi&#227;o de Itagua&#237;, Rio de Janeiro. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue de 524 c&#227;es. As amostras de soro foram submetidas a rea&#231;&#227;o de imunofluoresc&#234;ncia indireta (RIFI) e ensaio imunoenzim&#225;tico indireto (ELISA-teste) para Leishmania spp. A frequ&#234;ncia de c&#227;es soropositivos foi de 28,24% (n = 148) na microrregi&#227;o e, entre os tr&#234;s munic&#237;pios avaliados, a maior frequ&#234;ncia (p < 0,05) foi observada em Serop&#233;dica (59,46%), seguida de Itagua&#237; (29,05%) e Mangaratiba (11,49%). Em rela&#231;&#227;o aos fatores associados ao hospedeiro, observou-se que c&#227;es sem ra&#231;a definida e aqueles com idade acima de dois anos apresentaram maior frequ&#234;ncia de anticorpos para Leishmania spp. (p < 0,05). Em rela&#231;&#227;o aos fatores relacionados ao ambiente e ao h&#225;bito do animal, os c&#227;es residentes em &#225;reas rurais (RF = 1,67, p = 0,0002), animais que vivem fora da resid&#234;ncia (RF = 1,42, p = 0,0197), com acesso &#224; mata, c&#243;rregos e pastagens (FR = 2,81, p = 0,0007), que permanecem soltos (RF = 1,66, p = 0,0073), e aqueles que n&#227;o possuem abrigo (RF = 2,16, p < 0,0001) apresentaram maior chance de serem soropositivos. A leishmaniose canina &#233; uma enfermidade com elevada ocorr&#234;ncia na microrregi&#227;o de Itaguai, e aspectos como defini&#231;&#227;o racial, idade, h&#225;bitos e cuidados estabelecidos pelo propriet&#225;rio mostraram associa&#231;&#227;o significativa nessa microrregi&#227;o.
ISSN:0103-846X
1984-2961