Reacţia unor linii de perspectivă de tomate la fungii Alternaria alternata şi Fusarium spp.

• Main Authors: MIHNEA Nadejda, LUPAȘCU Galina, GAVZER Svetlana
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moldova State Agrarian University 2018-06-01
• Series: Stiinta Agricola
• Subjects: Fungal pathogens; Lycopersicon esculentum; Fusarium oxysporum; Alternaria alternata; Fusarium gibbosum; Rezistență la fungi
• Online Access: http://sa.uasm.md/index.php/sa/article/view/599
• ISSN: 1857-0003; 2587-3202

Abstract. Experimental data concerning the reaction of some tomato lines created at the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection (Republic of Moldova) to the fungal pathogens Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium gibbosum are presented in this paper. The treatment of the seeds with fungal culture filtrates obtained by inoculation of fungal mycelium in a Czapek-Dox medium led to different reactions of tomato genotypes at early stages of ontogenesis, with stimulating or inhibiting effects being observed on the germination processes and on the growth of embryonic root and stem. By factorial analysis of variance, it was found that the largest contribution in the source of variation of the embryonic root and stem length had the fungus species, its contribution constituting 73.9 and 66.9%, respectively. The genotype also had an important role, especially for stem length. The genotypes that were poorly affected by fungal pathogens in laboratory and field conditions were identified. Rezumat. În lucrare sunt prezentate date privind reacţia unor linii de tomate, create în Institutul de Genetică, Fiziologie şi Protecţie a Plantelor, la fungii patogeni Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum şi Fusarium gibbosum. Tratarea seminţelor cu filtrate de cultură de fungi, obtinute prin inocularea miceliului fungic în mediul Czapek-Dox, a condus la reacţii diferite din partea genotipurilor de tomate la etapa timpurie a ontogenezei, fiind înregistrate efecte de stimulare sau efecte de înhibare a proceselor de germinaţie şi de creştere a rădăciniţei embrionare şi tulpiniţei. Prin analiza bifactorială a varianţei s-a constatat că cea mai mare contribuţie în sursa de variaţie a lungimii rădăciniţei embrionare şi tulpiniţei a avut-o specia de fungi, aportul acestuia constituind 73,9 şi 66,9%, respectiv. Un rol important l-a avut şi genotipul, îndeosebi pentru lungimea tulpiniţei. În condiţii de laborator şi camp au fost identificate genotipurile slab afectate de patogenii fungici.