خوانش داستان "گزارش گيري" اثر سونتاگ بر اساس نظرات ايريگاري

• Main Authors: نگار شريف, شيده احمد زاده
• Format: Article
• Language: fas
• Published: Shahid Beheshti University 2013-12-01
• Series: Naqd-i Zabān va Adabīyyāt-i Khārijī
• Subjects: نقد فمينِستي پساساختارگرا، رابطه‌ي مادر- دختر، هويت، جنسيت، لوس ايريگاري
• Online Access: http://clls.sbu.ac.ir/article/view/1295
• ISSN: 2008-7330; 2588-7068

Those aspects of personal experience which are shown in literary works could be regarded as a reflection of personal and social identity of the characters. Poststructuralist feminism which criticizes traditional psychoanalysis because of its definition of femaleness as having a dependent and passive identity, regards it as a patriarchal discourse which has always associated female sexuality with lack. The attention to the theme of mother-daughter relationship in Luce Irigaray’s writings is a part of her attempt to correct the dominant view towards woman and to emancipate women as mothers from the imposed narrow cultural and social frameworks. In patriarchal discourse, woman is not accepted as active subject and is excluded from culture. The present article first points to male-oriented definitions of the formation of female identity in Freud’s and Lacan’s psychoanalytic theories. Then it argues how Irigaray’s theories deconstruct these definitions and how the redefinition of mother-daughter relationship can change the cultural norms. Afterwards, a reading of the short story “Debriefing” written by the contemporary writer and thinker Susan Sontag based on this theme shows how in a society that still holds to common patriarchal discourses, the mother-daughter relationship, frustrated and barren, is unable to provide woman with a positive definition of identity, which leads to her being sacrificed in this frustrated situation.