The myth of washoku: a twisted discourse on the “uniqueness” of national food heritages

• Main Author: Ryo Kohsaka
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2017-06-01
• Series: Journal of Ethnic Foods
• Subjects: discourse; intangible cultural heritage of humanity; registration; UNESCO; washoku
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352618117300331

In 2013, Japan and Korea celebrated their first food culture registrations with the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This paper first reviews the overall situation regarding washoku. Then, the washoku concept is analyzed and we argue that the idea is ambiguous. The washoku concept is contested and not necessarily clearly defined, but certain characteristics exist. The “uniqueness” is emphasized in the UNESCO registration while the reasoning or storyline for applications, such as relationships to nature, traditional preparations, community cohesion are “common” with other applications. The context of registration is frequently misinterpreted, and washoku has certain elements that are responsive to changes, despite its authentic and unchanged popular image. The ambiguity has both positive and negative aspects. It functions as a framework to enable groups with different interests or interpretations to participate in the process.