| Summary: | The study provides methodological approaches to the analysis of the functioning of agricultural ecosystems in the context of anthropogenic environmental changes, based on the assessment of rationalization and efficient use of natural capital through energy consumption for the production of final products, and describes the agricultural ecosystem operating on the principles of market economy. A set of general methodological principles for analyzing the functioning of an agricultural ecosystem has been proposed. An algorithm for achieving optimal ecological and economic parameters of the functioning of the components of the agricultural ecosystem is presented, including a set of step-by-step actions, as well as multi-functional dependences of the reproductive capabilities of the main components of the agricultural ecosystem. A complex of ecological and economic parameters of the reproductive process of the agricultural ecosystem, used for its optimization, has been developed. The interpretation of terms and concepts, generalized in the course of the research within the framework of the presented approach, is carried out. A new principle of agricultural ecosystem organization is highlighted, considering it as a social, ecological and economic system.
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