| Summary: | This article intends to analyze the stages of criminal prosecution and its cognitive functions, aiming, on one hand, to verify the importance of the centrality of oral judgment, and, on the other hand, of the necessity to respect fundamental rights at all stages. Thus, it is sought to determine the justification and function of the criminal process, which should guide the structuring of criminal justice as a limitation instrument of the state punitive power. Considering these issues, through bibliographic review, this work will address the following problems: (1) what is the justification and the essential function of criminal procedure? 2) what is the relation between the procedural stages of the criminal process and its function in a wide perspective?; 3) what is the relation between the procedural stages of the criminal process among themselves?
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