| Summary: | The models of oxidative damage-induced aging were established by adding ethanol (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to zebrafish embryos in this research. To find effective protective drugs/foods, Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) was added after the embryos were treated by these oxidative reagents. After being treated with ethanol, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and 6-OHDA, the morphological changes were obvious and the deformities included spinal curvature, heart bleeding, liver bleeding, yolk sac deformity and pericardial edema, and the expression of oxidative stress-related genes <i>Nrf2b</i>, <i>sod1</i> and <i>sod2</i> and aging-related genes <i>myl2a</i> and <i>selenbp1</i> were significantly up-regulated compared to the control group. While after adding 0.05 μg/mL and 0.5 μg/mL Sal B to the ethanol-treated group, death rates and MDA levels decreased, the activity of antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT and GSH-Px) changed and <i>Nrf2b</i>, <i>sod1</i>, <i>sod2</i>, <i>myl2a</i>, <i>selenbp1</i>, <i>p53</i> and <i>p21</i> were down-regulated compared to the ethanol-treated group. The bioinformatics analysis also showed that oxidative stress-related factors were associated with a variety of cellular functions and physiological pathways. In conclusion, Sal B can protect against aging through regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway as well as antioxidative genes and enzyme activity.
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