| Summary: | The interactions and feedback mechanisms involved in heart and renal failure are
more complex than previously thought and are grouped under the term “cardio-renal
axis”. In the last decades, it has always been emphasized that renal dysfunction
in patients with heart failure can be attributed exclusively to low renal plasma
flow resulting from reduced cardiac output. In the last two decades cardiorenal
syndrome has been established to set complex and close interactions between heart
and kidney. Cardiologists and nephrologist should interact in their daily
clinical practice to provide better patients’ management. In this review, we will
point out main features of cardiorenal axis and cardiorenal syndrome to shift
into specific sets of management in Italy starting by Guyton’s hypothesis till
present days.
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