The use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracket

Abstract Background The study aimed to evaluate the permanence of resin and enamel remains on lingual brackets at the end of orthodontic treatment and after the debonding procedure. The evaluation of resin remnants on customized lingual brackets bases has never done before in other studies because t...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Can Kuskonmaz, Alberto De Stefani, Gilberto Artioli, Matteo Zanarini, Giulio Alessandri Bonetti, Giovanni Bruno, Antonio Gracco
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2020-05-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
ARI
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-020-01132-4
id doaj-e2e172e444de41dbb87e71f01b242fbf
record_format Article
spelling doaj-e2e172e444de41dbb87e71f01b242fbf2020-11-25T03:49:27ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312020-05-012011710.1186/s12903-020-01132-4The use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracketCan Kuskonmaz0Alberto De Stefani1Gilberto Artioli2Matteo Zanarini3Giulio Alessandri Bonetti4Giovanni Bruno5Antonio Gracco6Faculty of Dentistry, University of PadovaFaculty of Dentistry, University of PadovaDepartment of Geoscience, University of PadovaDepartment of Orthodontics, University of BolognaDepartment of Orthodontics, University of BolognaFaculty of Dentistry, University of PadovaFaculty of Dentistry, University of PadovaAbstract Background The study aimed to evaluate the permanence of resin and enamel remains on lingual brackets at the end of orthodontic treatment and after the debonding procedure. The evaluation of resin remnants on customized lingual brackets bases has never done before in other studies because they are curved, and traditional techniques are not applicable. Methods The sample consisted of 100 lingual brackets (25 incisors, 25 canines, 25 premolars, 25 molars) scanned with a confocal laser microscope (OLS4000). We measured the brackets' surface and the area of resin remnants with the software of the microscope. Median and quartiles were presented to describe the data. ARI calculation was indirect for each tooth, measuring the resin remnants to the total surface of the bracket. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Fisher test were applied respectively to compare the percentages of remnants and the frequencies of the ARI between the four groups. Results After the analyses, 13 brackets had no adhesive remnants (ARI 0), 29 brackets had less than 50% of resin remnants (ARI 1), 50 brackets had more than 50% of resin remnants (ARI 2), and 8 brackets had 100% of adhesive (ARI 3). Canines brackets presented the lower amount of resin followed by premolars, incisors, and molars. Conclusion Lingual brackets showed a high frequency of ARI = 2. The median percentage of the bracket surface covered by resin was 41%. We observed a slight tendency of more resin remnants on molar brackets, due to half-pad configuration. The authors suggest paying attention during the debonding procedure of molar brackets since a stronger connection between the adhesive and the bracket mesh means a higher risk of enamel damage.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-020-01132-4Lingual orthodonticsdebondingARIconfocal microscope
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Can Kuskonmaz
Alberto De Stefani
Gilberto Artioli
Matteo Zanarini
Giulio Alessandri Bonetti
Giovanni Bruno
Antonio Gracco
spellingShingle Can Kuskonmaz
Alberto De Stefani
Gilberto Artioli
Matteo Zanarini
Giulio Alessandri Bonetti
Giovanni Bruno
Antonio Gracco
The use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracket
BMC Oral Health
Lingual orthodontics
debonding
ARI
confocal microscope
author_facet Can Kuskonmaz
Alberto De Stefani
Gilberto Artioli
Matteo Zanarini
Giulio Alessandri Bonetti
Giovanni Bruno
Antonio Gracco
author_sort Can Kuskonmaz
title The use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracket
title_short The use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracket
title_full The use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracket
title_fullStr The use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracket
title_full_unstemmed The use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracket
title_sort use of the laser confocal scanning microscopy to measure resin remnants on customized lingual bracket
publisher BMC
series BMC Oral Health
issn 1472-6831
publishDate 2020-05-01
description Abstract Background The study aimed to evaluate the permanence of resin and enamel remains on lingual brackets at the end of orthodontic treatment and after the debonding procedure. The evaluation of resin remnants on customized lingual brackets bases has never done before in other studies because they are curved, and traditional techniques are not applicable. Methods The sample consisted of 100 lingual brackets (25 incisors, 25 canines, 25 premolars, 25 molars) scanned with a confocal laser microscope (OLS4000). We measured the brackets' surface and the area of resin remnants with the software of the microscope. Median and quartiles were presented to describe the data. ARI calculation was indirect for each tooth, measuring the resin remnants to the total surface of the bracket. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Fisher test were applied respectively to compare the percentages of remnants and the frequencies of the ARI between the four groups. Results After the analyses, 13 brackets had no adhesive remnants (ARI 0), 29 brackets had less than 50% of resin remnants (ARI 1), 50 brackets had more than 50% of resin remnants (ARI 2), and 8 brackets had 100% of adhesive (ARI 3). Canines brackets presented the lower amount of resin followed by premolars, incisors, and molars. Conclusion Lingual brackets showed a high frequency of ARI = 2. The median percentage of the bracket surface covered by resin was 41%. We observed a slight tendency of more resin remnants on molar brackets, due to half-pad configuration. The authors suggest paying attention during the debonding procedure of molar brackets since a stronger connection between the adhesive and the bracket mesh means a higher risk of enamel damage.
topic Lingual orthodontics
debonding
ARI
confocal microscope
url http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-020-01132-4
work_keys_str_mv AT cankuskonmaz theuseofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT albertodestefani theuseofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT gilbertoartioli theuseofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT matteozanarini theuseofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT giulioalessandribonetti theuseofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT giovannibruno theuseofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT antoniogracco theuseofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT cankuskonmaz useofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT albertodestefani useofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT gilbertoartioli useofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT matteozanarini useofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT giulioalessandribonetti useofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT giovannibruno useofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
AT antoniogracco useofthelaserconfocalscanningmicroscopytomeasureresinremnantsoncustomizedlingualbracket
_version_ 1724495404027871232