Transmitters for Combined Radio Over a Fiber and Outdoor Millimeter-Wave System at 25 GHz

• Main Authors: Jan Bohata, Matej Komanec, Jan Spacil, Radan Slavik, Stanislav Zvanovec
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: IEEE 2020-01-01
• Series: IEEE Photonics Journal
• Subjects: Microwave photonics; optical fiber; millimeter wave; radio over fiber; optical modulator
• Online Access: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9102412/

In the modern wireless networks, millimeter-wave radio-frequency (RF) bands are becoming more attractive as they provide larger bandwidth and higher data rates than the today-used systems operating at frequencies below 6 GHz. In addition, according to the fact that coaxial cables exhibit extremely high attenuation for millimeter-wave RF signals, analog radio over fiber techniques (RoF) form a promising technology for delivering unaltered radio waveform to a remote antenna. This paper experimentally analyzes three types of RoF modulations, namely a directly modulated laser, an electro-absorption modulator, and a Mach-Zehnder Modulator. The primary focus is on the implementation of each RoF transmitter in an RoF system, such as those in 5G networks. The experimental study includes a detailed characterization of an RoF system with a 50-m long outdoor free-space RF channel operating in the frequency band of 25 GHz. Frequency response (S-parameters) and third-order nonlinear distortion are investigated in detail. Tests of EVM performance were conducted using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal modulated with 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) with a long-term evolution signal. It is demonstrated that the transmitters studied can operate under a 13.5% EVM limit given for 16-QAM. Apart from the detailed system performance, the considerable power fluctuations in the 25 GHz free-space RF outdoor channel are reported.