Risk Factors Associated with Mortality among Patients with Acute Head Trauma

• Main Authors: Karell Piñón García, Maylin Norma Montes Morales, Mayda Correa Borrell, José Antonio Pozo Romero, Yudelky Almeida Esquivel
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Editorial de Ciencias Médicas (ECIMED) 2020-03-01
• Series: Revista Cubana de Anestesiología y Reanimación
• Subjects: traumatismo craneoencefálico; tratamiento quirúrgico; complicaciones; escala de coma de glasgow
• Online Access: http://revanestesia.sld.cu/index.php/anestRean/article/view/625

<p class="2-Cuerpo"><strong>Introduction</strong>: Cranioencephalic trauma corresponds to changes and alterations suffered by the brain, its meningeal envelopes, the cranial vault, or the epicranial soft tissues due to the action of damaging physical agents.</p><p class="2-Cuerpo"><strong>Objective</strong>: To identify modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors that determine mortality in the immediate postoperative period among patients with acute head trauma.</p><p class="2-Cuerpo"><strong>Methods</strong>: A prospective and longitudinal descriptive study was carried out with a sample of 38 patients who received surgery for head trauma, treated at Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital, from 2016 to 2019. We worked with the following variables: age, sex, physical state, classification of cranioencephalic trauma, immediate complications, and mortality in the immediate postoperative period.</p><p class="2-Cuerpo"><strong>Results</strong>: Surgical head trauma was frequent among young male patients who were evaluated as ASA-III. Patients with mild trauma, according to the Glasgow scale, predominated. Despite not having a significant association with mortality, cerebral edema, hyperglycemia and hypothermia were the most frequently found complications.</p><p class="2-Cuerpo"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Surgical head trauma was more frequent among young patients. Despite the complications presented, most of them left the emergency service alive.</p>