| Summary: | Air temperature is one of the critical factors influencing the bearing ability and performance of temperature-sensitive asphalt materials. This research investigates the relationship between air temperature at different depths and time to predict asphalt pavement temperature and evaluate asphalt performance. This paper discusses four deep learning-based regression models for calculating asphalt pavement temperature based on air temperature, depth from the asphalt surface, and time. Measurement of pavement temperature was made in the Gaza Strip. Monitoring stations were set up to measure asphalt pavement temperature and air temperature at different depths and times. The data were collected by hand measurement for the period from March 2012 to February 2013. The data is trained and validated using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). Bi-LSTM has an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9555 for the generated dataset and outperforms other algorithms because of its superiority in feature extraction and multidimensional data processing. Through deep learning techniques, Bi-LSTM has demonstrated outstanding robustness and promising potential in predicting asphalt pavement temperature.
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