The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome

Recent studies of the effects of physical exercise and caloric restriction have found several benefits on the metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors related to metabolic syndrome (MS). This review examines the current state of knowledge of the effects of physical exercise on the main pathologies...

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Main Authors: Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal, Mariana Dutilh de Capitani, Julio Tirapegui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidade de São Paulo 2009-09-01
Series:Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502009000300003
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spelling doaj-dec3251dbbc2482aa6e35401e58477a92020-11-25T00:05:41ZengUniversidade de São PauloBrazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1984-82502175-97902009-09-0145337939910.1590/S1984-82502009000300003The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndromeFrancisco Leonardo Torres-LealMariana Dutilh de CapitaniJulio TirapeguiRecent studies of the effects of physical exercise and caloric restriction have found several benefits on the metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors related to metabolic syndrome (MS). This review examines the current state of knowledge of the effects of physical exercise on the main pathologies associated with MS: obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), dyslipidemias and hypertension. Although there are only a few randomized and controlled studies that evaluated the prevention and treatment of MS, strong evidence from controlled studies indicates that lifestyle changes that include regular physical exercise and caloric restriction are effective in preventing and treating DM2 in overweight individuals with reduced glucose tolerance. Likewise, epidemiologic studies suggest that regular physical exercise prevents the development of DM2 and cardiovascular disease. Based on current recommendations, it is important to increase the level of physical exercise at a moderate intensity to achieve good cardiorespiratory and muscular conditions and to promote fat mass reduction, with consequent reductions of risk of developing metabolic syndrome.<br>Recentes estudos, relativos aos efeitos do exercício físico e da restrição energética, têm relatado diversos benefícios sobre fatores metabólicos e de risco cardiovascular relacionados à síndrome metabólica (SM). Esta revisão aborda os aspectos mais recentes dos efeitos do exercício físico sobre as principais patologias associadas à SM: obesidade, resistência à insulina, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), dislipidemia e hipertensão. Embora estudos randomizados e controlados que avaliam a prevenção e o tratamento da SM sejam escassos, pesquisas controladas indicam fortes evidências de que mudanças no estilo de vida, incluindo a pratica de exercício físico regular e restrição energética, sejam eficazes na prevenção e tratamento de DM2 em indivíduos com sobrepeso e com tolerância à glicose diminuída. No mesmo sentido, estudos epidemiológicos sugerem que a prática regular de exercício físico previne DM2 e doenças cardiovasculares. Com base nas atuais recomendações, preconiza-se o aumento do volume total de exercício físico com intensidade moderada, na busca da boa condição cardiorrespiratória e muscular e da diminuição da massa gorda, com conseqüente aumento da proteção contra fatores associados ao desenvolvimento da síndrome metabólica.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502009000300003Exercício físicoSíndrome metabólicaInsulinaDiabetes mellitus tipo 2ObesidadeNutriçãoPhysical activityMetabolic syndromeInsulinType 2 diabetes mellitusObesityNutrition
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
Mariana Dutilh de Capitani
Julio Tirapegui
spellingShingle Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
Mariana Dutilh de Capitani
Julio Tirapegui
The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Exercício físico
Síndrome metabólica
Insulina
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Obesidade
Nutrição
Physical activity
Metabolic syndrome
Insulin
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Obesity
Nutrition
author_facet Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
Mariana Dutilh de Capitani
Julio Tirapegui
author_sort Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
title The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome
title_short The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome
title_full The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome
title_fullStr The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome
title_full_unstemmed The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome
title_sort effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome
publisher Universidade de São Paulo
series Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
issn 1984-8250
2175-9790
publishDate 2009-09-01
description Recent studies of the effects of physical exercise and caloric restriction have found several benefits on the metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors related to metabolic syndrome (MS). This review examines the current state of knowledge of the effects of physical exercise on the main pathologies associated with MS: obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), dyslipidemias and hypertension. Although there are only a few randomized and controlled studies that evaluated the prevention and treatment of MS, strong evidence from controlled studies indicates that lifestyle changes that include regular physical exercise and caloric restriction are effective in preventing and treating DM2 in overweight individuals with reduced glucose tolerance. Likewise, epidemiologic studies suggest that regular physical exercise prevents the development of DM2 and cardiovascular disease. Based on current recommendations, it is important to increase the level of physical exercise at a moderate intensity to achieve good cardiorespiratory and muscular conditions and to promote fat mass reduction, with consequent reductions of risk of developing metabolic syndrome.<br>Recentes estudos, relativos aos efeitos do exercício físico e da restrição energética, têm relatado diversos benefícios sobre fatores metabólicos e de risco cardiovascular relacionados à síndrome metabólica (SM). Esta revisão aborda os aspectos mais recentes dos efeitos do exercício físico sobre as principais patologias associadas à SM: obesidade, resistência à insulina, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), dislipidemia e hipertensão. Embora estudos randomizados e controlados que avaliam a prevenção e o tratamento da SM sejam escassos, pesquisas controladas indicam fortes evidências de que mudanças no estilo de vida, incluindo a pratica de exercício físico regular e restrição energética, sejam eficazes na prevenção e tratamento de DM2 em indivíduos com sobrepeso e com tolerância à glicose diminuída. No mesmo sentido, estudos epidemiológicos sugerem que a prática regular de exercício físico previne DM2 e doenças cardiovasculares. Com base nas atuais recomendações, preconiza-se o aumento do volume total de exercício físico com intensidade moderada, na busca da boa condição cardiorrespiratória e muscular e da diminuição da massa gorda, com conseqüente aumento da proteção contra fatores associados ao desenvolvimento da síndrome metabólica.
topic Exercício físico
Síndrome metabólica
Insulina
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Obesidade
Nutrição
Physical activity
Metabolic syndrome
Insulin
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Obesity
Nutrition
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502009000300003
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