Associations among Wine Grape Microbiome, Metabolome, and Fermentation Behavior Suggest Microbial Contribution to Regional Wine Characteristics
Regionally distinct wine characteristics (terroir) are an important aspect of wine production and consumer appreciation. Microbial activity is an integral part of wine production, and grape and wine microbiota present regionally defined patterns associated with vineyard and climatic conditions, but...
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American Society for Microbiology
2016-06-01
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doaj-dda452ffd9a4436aa2333877515d48b82021-07-02T13:23:44ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymBio2150-75112016-06-0173e00631-1610.1128/mBio.00631-16Associations among Wine Grape Microbiome, Metabolome, and Fermentation Behavior Suggest Microbial Contribution to Regional Wine CharacteristicsNicholas A. BokulichThomas S. CollinsChad MasarwehGreg AllenHildegarde HeymannSusan E. EbelerDavid A. MillsRegionally distinct wine characteristics (terroir) are an important aspect of wine production and consumer appreciation. Microbial activity is an integral part of wine production, and grape and wine microbiota present regionally defined patterns associated with vineyard and climatic conditions, but the degree to which these microbial patterns associate with the chemical composition of wine is unclear. Through a longitudinal survey of over 200 commercial wine fermentations, we demonstrate that both grape microbiota and wine metabolite profiles distinguish viticultural area designations and individual vineyards within Napa and Sonoma Counties, California. Associations among wine microbiota and fermentation characteristics suggest new links between microbiota, fermentation performance, and wine properties. The bacterial and fungal consortia of wine fermentations, composed from vineyard and winery sources, correlate with the chemical composition of the finished wines and predict metabolite abundances in finished wines using machine learning models. The use of postharvest microbiota as an early predictor of wine chemical composition is unprecedented and potentially poses a new paradigm for quality control of agricultural products. These findings add further evidence that microbial activity is associated with wine terroir.http://mbio.asm.org/cgi/content/full/7/3/e00631-16 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Nicholas A. Bokulich Thomas S. Collins Chad Masarweh Greg Allen Hildegarde Heymann Susan E. Ebeler David A. Mills |
spellingShingle |
Nicholas A. Bokulich Thomas S. Collins Chad Masarweh Greg Allen Hildegarde Heymann Susan E. Ebeler David A. Mills Associations among Wine Grape Microbiome, Metabolome, and Fermentation Behavior Suggest Microbial Contribution to Regional Wine Characteristics mBio |
author_facet |
Nicholas A. Bokulich Thomas S. Collins Chad Masarweh Greg Allen Hildegarde Heymann Susan E. Ebeler David A. Mills |
author_sort |
Nicholas A. Bokulich |
title |
Associations among Wine Grape Microbiome, Metabolome, and Fermentation Behavior Suggest Microbial Contribution to Regional Wine Characteristics |
title_short |
Associations among Wine Grape Microbiome, Metabolome, and Fermentation Behavior Suggest Microbial Contribution to Regional Wine Characteristics |
title_full |
Associations among Wine Grape Microbiome, Metabolome, and Fermentation Behavior Suggest Microbial Contribution to Regional Wine Characteristics |
title_fullStr |
Associations among Wine Grape Microbiome, Metabolome, and Fermentation Behavior Suggest Microbial Contribution to Regional Wine Characteristics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Associations among Wine Grape Microbiome, Metabolome, and Fermentation Behavior Suggest Microbial Contribution to Regional Wine Characteristics |
title_sort |
associations among wine grape microbiome, metabolome, and fermentation behavior suggest microbial contribution to regional wine characteristics |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
series |
mBio |
issn |
2150-7511 |
publishDate |
2016-06-01 |
description |
Regionally distinct wine characteristics (terroir) are an important aspect of wine production and consumer appreciation. Microbial activity is an integral part of wine production, and grape and wine microbiota present regionally defined patterns associated with vineyard and climatic conditions, but the degree to which these microbial patterns associate with the chemical composition of wine is unclear. Through a longitudinal survey of over 200 commercial wine fermentations, we demonstrate that both grape microbiota and wine metabolite profiles distinguish viticultural area designations and individual vineyards within Napa and Sonoma Counties, California. Associations among wine microbiota and fermentation characteristics suggest new links between microbiota, fermentation performance, and wine properties. The bacterial and fungal consortia of wine fermentations, composed from vineyard and winery sources, correlate with the chemical composition of the finished wines and predict metabolite abundances in finished wines using machine learning models. The use of postharvest microbiota as an early predictor of wine chemical composition is unprecedented and potentially poses a new paradigm for quality control of agricultural products. These findings add further evidence that microbial activity is associated with wine terroir. |
url |
http://mbio.asm.org/cgi/content/full/7/3/e00631-16 |
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