Gender Representation in Representative and Executive Bodies through Constitutional Quotes, Legal and Political Parties

• Main Authors: Sadik Haxhiu, Fejzulla Berisha
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Danubius University 2017-12-01
• Series: Acta Universitatis Danubius: Relationes Internationales
• Subjects: gender representation; constitutional; legal; party quotas; public representation
• Online Access: http://journals.univ-danubius.ro/index.php/internationalis/article/view/4572/4336

Gender representation in public institutions is an immediate goal in contemporary democracies. These efforts are being implemented through various forms of lobbying such as: international women's mobility for gender equality, international gender equality associations or through the definition of domestic legislation by applying constitutional, legal and party quotas for the representation of women in public institutions. Some states represent gender representation in executive and executive bodies with constitution, while others with laws. Gender representation in representative bodies through constitutional quotas is more advanced than gender mainstreaming in executive bodies. The efforts of women to be represented in public institutions through voluntary contributions from political parties have encouraged women to be an active part of public life through political parties. Today in the contemporary world, by establishing constitutional, legal or party quotas, a sufficiently satisfying percentage of female gender has been actively integrated into public institutions, gaining mandates of MPs in representative bodies as well as senior positions in government and other bodies executive. Through affirmation of female gender representation in public institutions in some countries of the world we have: Speaker of Parliament, President of the State, Prime Minister and Political Party Leaders. The focus of our work is the manner and level of representation of women in representative and executive bodies through constitutional, legal and party quotas.