Reanalysis of the German PISA Data: A Comparison of Different Approaches for Trend Estimation With a Particular Emphasis on Mode Effects

International large-scale assessments, such as the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), are conducted to provide information on the effectiveness of education systems. In PISA, the target population of 15-year-old students is assessed every 3 years. Trends show whether competencies h...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Alexander Robitzsch, Oliver Lüdtke, Frank Goldhammer, Ulf Kroehne, Olaf Köller
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00884/full