Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health problem, which can lead to several pathophysiological consequences including cardiovascular diseases. Its impact on the cerebrovascular system is not well understood. The goal of the present work was to examine the effects of VDD on the morphological, bi...

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Main Authors: Éva Pál, Leila Hadjadj, Zoltán Fontányi, Anna Monori-Kiss, Zsuzsanna Mezei, Norbert Lippai, Attila Magyar, Andrea Heinzlmann, Gellért Karvaly, Emil Monos, György Nádasy, Zoltán Benyó, Szabolcs Várbíró
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2018-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5800593?pdf=render
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spelling doaj-db89c9af4489446b9231d7c47a590fc92020-11-24T20:41:39ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-01132e019248010.1371/journal.pone.0192480Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.Éva PálLeila HadjadjZoltán FontányiAnna Monori-KissZsuzsanna MezeiNorbert LippaiAttila MagyarAndrea HeinzlmannGellért KarvalyEmil MonosGyörgy NádasyZoltán BenyóSzabolcs VárbíróVitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health problem, which can lead to several pathophysiological consequences including cardiovascular diseases. Its impact on the cerebrovascular system is not well understood. The goal of the present work was to examine the effects of VDD on the morphological, biomechanical and functional properties of cerebral arterioles.Four-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 11 per group) were either fed with vitamin D deficient diet or received conventional rat chow with per os vitamin D supplementation. Cardiovascular parameters and hormone levels (testosterone, androstenedione, progesterone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D) were measured during the study. After 8 weeks of treatment anterior cerebral artery segments were prepared and their morphological, biomechanical and functional properties were examined using pressure microangiometry. Resorcin-fuchsin and smooth muscle actin staining were used to detect elastic fiber density and smooth muscle cell counts in the vessel wall, respectively. Sections were immunostained for eNOS and COX-2 as well.VDD markedly increased the wall thickness, the wall-to-lumen ratio and the wall cross-sectional area of arterioles as well as the number of smooth muscle cells in the tunica media. As a consequence, tangential wall stress was significantly lower in the VDD group. In addition, VDD increased the myogenic as well as the uridine 5'-triphosphate-induced tone and impaired bradykinin-induced relaxation. Decreased eNOS and increased COX-2 expression were also observed in the endothelium of VDD animals.VDD causes inward hypertrophic remodeling due to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhances the vessel tone probably because of increased vasoconstrictor prostanoid levels in young adult rats. In addition, the decreased eNOS expression results in endothelial dysfunction. These morphological and functional alterations can potentially compromise the cerebral circulation and lead to cerebrovascular disorders in VDD.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5800593?pdf=render
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Éva Pál
Leila Hadjadj
Zoltán Fontányi
Anna Monori-Kiss
Zsuzsanna Mezei
Norbert Lippai
Attila Magyar
Andrea Heinzlmann
Gellért Karvaly
Emil Monos
György Nádasy
Zoltán Benyó
Szabolcs Várbíró
spellingShingle Éva Pál
Leila Hadjadj
Zoltán Fontányi
Anna Monori-Kiss
Zsuzsanna Mezei
Norbert Lippai
Attila Magyar
Andrea Heinzlmann
Gellért Karvaly
Emil Monos
György Nádasy
Zoltán Benyó
Szabolcs Várbíró
Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Éva Pál
Leila Hadjadj
Zoltán Fontányi
Anna Monori-Kiss
Zsuzsanna Mezei
Norbert Lippai
Attila Magyar
Andrea Heinzlmann
Gellért Karvaly
Emil Monos
György Nádasy
Zoltán Benyó
Szabolcs Várbíró
author_sort Éva Pál
title Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.
title_short Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.
title_full Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.
title_fullStr Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.
title_full_unstemmed Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.
title_sort vitamin d deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2018-01-01
description Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health problem, which can lead to several pathophysiological consequences including cardiovascular diseases. Its impact on the cerebrovascular system is not well understood. The goal of the present work was to examine the effects of VDD on the morphological, biomechanical and functional properties of cerebral arterioles.Four-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 11 per group) were either fed with vitamin D deficient diet or received conventional rat chow with per os vitamin D supplementation. Cardiovascular parameters and hormone levels (testosterone, androstenedione, progesterone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D) were measured during the study. After 8 weeks of treatment anterior cerebral artery segments were prepared and their morphological, biomechanical and functional properties were examined using pressure microangiometry. Resorcin-fuchsin and smooth muscle actin staining were used to detect elastic fiber density and smooth muscle cell counts in the vessel wall, respectively. Sections were immunostained for eNOS and COX-2 as well.VDD markedly increased the wall thickness, the wall-to-lumen ratio and the wall cross-sectional area of arterioles as well as the number of smooth muscle cells in the tunica media. As a consequence, tangential wall stress was significantly lower in the VDD group. In addition, VDD increased the myogenic as well as the uridine 5'-triphosphate-induced tone and impaired bradykinin-induced relaxation. Decreased eNOS and increased COX-2 expression were also observed in the endothelium of VDD animals.VDD causes inward hypertrophic remodeling due to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhances the vessel tone probably because of increased vasoconstrictor prostanoid levels in young adult rats. In addition, the decreased eNOS expression results in endothelial dysfunction. These morphological and functional alterations can potentially compromise the cerebral circulation and lead to cerebrovascular disorders in VDD.
url http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5800593?pdf=render
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