Cannabis Regulation and Development: Fair(er) Trade Options for Emerging Legal Markets

• Main Authors: David Bewley-Taylor, Martin Jelsma, Sylvia Kay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Institut de Hautes Études Internationales et du Développement 2020-09-01
• Series: Revue Internationale de Politique de Développement
• Subjects: international cooperation; official development assistance (ODA); drug cultivation; drug control strategies; alternative development policies; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
• Online Access: http://journals.openedition.org/poldev/3758

Significant policy shifts have led to an unprecedented boom in medical cannabis markets, while a growing number of countries are moving towards the legal regulation of adult non-medical use. This trend is likely to bring a range of benefits. Yet there are growing concerns over the many for-profit cannabis companies from the global North that are aggressively competing to capture the licit spaces now opening in the multibillion-dollar global cannabis market. This threatens to push small-scale traditional farmers from the global South out of the emerging legal markets. Those trying to transition out of illegality face huge difficulties due to a combination of the legacy of criminalisation and administrative barriers to entry. Conquering and protecting spaces for small-scale farmers within the current overheated and corporate-driven market will require affirmative action, regulation of foreign investment, and well-designed legislative and market strategies. This policy comment explores the unfolding market dynamics from a development perspective and offers a set of guiding principles and policy proposals upon which a more equitable, fair(er) trade cannabis regulation model can be built.