TENECTEPLASE AS A NEW MEDICATION IN MANAGING NO-REFLOW

• Main Authors: Milan Živković, Svetlana Apostolović, Milan Pavlović, Sonja Šalinger Martinović, Tomislav Kostić, Nenad Božinović, Emina Dimitrijević
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: University in Nis, Faculty of Medicine 2012-03-01
• Series: Acta Medica Medianae
• Subjects: no-reflow; acute myocardial infarction; primary PCI; tenecteplase
• Online Access: http://publisher.medfak.ni.ac.rs/2012-html/1-broj/Milan%20Zivkovic-Managing%20no-reflow.pdf

No-reflow has been defined as “inadequate myocardial perfusion through a given segment of coronary circulation without angiographic evidence of a mechanical obstruction”. Important components of the process are thought to include endothelial ischemic injury producing “blebs” of tissue that directly obstruct the microvasculature, leukocyte plugging of capillaries, and the vascular effects of reactive oxygen species. No-reflow can complicate any percutaneous intervention (PCI), though it is more common following acute myocardial infarctions (MI), particularly with prolonged occlusion times. A 59-year-old woman presented to the hospital after two hours of continuous chest pain. Because of acute myocardial infarction of the inferior and lateral wall, she underwent direct stenting to an occlusion in the right coronary artery. Despite successful implantation of stents revascularization failed. In absence of aspiration devices and other pharmacological agent we decide to apply 30 mg (6000 IU) tenecteplase intracoronary. Three min after administration TIMI flow grade improved from TIMI 0 to TIMI 3. Managing no-reflow can be approached in a number of different ways and needs to be tailored to the type of intervention being performed. As confirmed in practice, prevention is better than cure and both mechanical and pharmacological approaches can be employed in high risk cases. In the setting of acute myocardial infarction the most effective preventative measure is the rapid opening of the vessel and as such the development of a robust and efficient primary PCI service is integral to the avoidance of this complication. Managing no-reflow will become increasingly important with the wider development of primary PCI. Within the setting of acute myocardial infarctions with no reflow as primary percutaneous intervention complication, there are potential important future pharmacological regimens that may become established and one of them can be tenecteplase.