The soil seed bank in abandoned tropical pastures: source of regeneration or invasion? El banco de semillas en pastizales tropicales abandonados: fuente de regeneración o de invasión?

We assessed the availability of both pioneer and non-native species in the soil seed bank of old-growth forest and recently abandoned pasture, to evaluate whether the soil seed bank in these pastures represents a source of regeneration of species from adjacent old-growth forest or of invasion by non...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Leonel López-Toledo, Miguel Martínez-Ramos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 2011-06-01
Series:Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1870-34532011000200024
Description
Summary:We assessed the availability of both pioneer and non-native species in the soil seed bank of old-growth forest and recently abandoned pasture, to evaluate whether the soil seed bank in these pastures represents a source of regeneration of species from adjacent old-growth forest or of invasion by non-native species. Our study was conducted at Selva Lacandona, Chiapas, Mexico. Soil samples were randomly collected from 6 sites in old-growth forest, and 6 sites in abandoned pastures. Seedlings from soil samples were identified and classified into pioneer, non-native (weeds/graminoids), and other forest species. Pioneer species seeds were virtually absent in pastures, but represented ~30% of seeds in the forest. Non-native species comprised ~99% of the soil seed bank in pastures. In the forest, soil seed bank density of weeds and graminoids decreased with increasing distance (up to 4 km) from agricultural fields, and comprised up to 25% (Mean ± 1SE= 16 ± 7) of the seed bank. Our results show a near total elimination of pioneer species from the soil seed bank in pastures, and considerable invasion of the borders of the Montes Azules reserve by seeds of non-native species. Thus, in the region studied, the soil seed bank in abandoned pastures represents a source of invasion by non-native species into old-growth forest rather than a potential source of forest regeneration.<br>Para evaluar si el banco de semillas en pastizales abandonados representa una fuente de regeneracion o de invasión por especies no-nativas para el bosque maduro se evaluó la presencia de especies pioneras y no-nativas en el banco de semillas de bosque maduro y pastizales recien abandonados en la selva lacandona, Chiapas, México. Se recolectaron muestras de suelo en 6 sitios de bosque maduro y de pastizales abandonados. Las semillas germinadas fueron identificadas y clasificadas en especies pioneras, no-nativas (malezas/graminoides) y otras especies de bosque. Las especies pioneras estuvieron virtualmente ausentes en los pastizales, pero representan ~30% de los registros en bosque maduro. Las especies no-nativas representan ~99% del banco de semillas en los pastizales. En el bosque maduro, el banco de semillas de malezas/graminoides decrece con el incremento de la distancia de campos agrícolas y representa hasta el 22% del banco de semillas. Nuestros resultados muestran una importante supresión de las especies pioneras en el banco de semillas de los pastizales y una considerable invasión de los bordes de la Reserva Montes Azules por semillas de especies no-nativas. En la región de estudio, el banco semillas en pastizales abandonados representa una fuente de invasión por especies no-nativas para el bosque maduro más que una fuente potencial de regeneracion.
ISSN:1870-3453