Whose failure? Encephalitis kills!

Encephalitis continues to be one of the most dreaded diagnoses because a high rate of morbidity and mortality are accepted even before starting the treatment. Most encephalitis cases occur in rural areas due to poor environmental sanitation, high-vector density, shortage of protected water supplies...

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Main Author: Nagabhushana Rao Potharaju
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2014-01-01
Series:Indian Journal of Public Health
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.ijph.in/article.asp?issn=0019-557X;year=2014;volume=58;issue=3;spage=147;epage=155;aulast=Potharaju
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spelling doaj-d8ace557e7344dcc951aa6bb58eaad882020-11-24T21:41:22ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Public Health0019-557X2014-01-0158314715510.4103/0019-557X.138618Whose failure? Encephalitis kills!Nagabhushana Rao PotharajuEncephalitis continues to be one of the most dreaded diagnoses because a high rate of morbidity and mortality are accepted even before starting the treatment. Most encephalitis cases occur in rural areas due to poor environmental sanitation, high-vector density, shortage of protected water supplies and lack of health education. Vaccination, environmental sanitation, vector control, health education and attention to prompt diagnosis and treatment in rural hospitals are the four essential pillars for reducing case fatality rate (CFR) of encephalitis. Frequently, virulence of the virus, immunological state of the host, unavailability of antiviral drugs and lack of enough tertiary care hospitals (TCH) are not responsible for the high CFR. Basic supportive care is not being practiced meticulously in Primary and Secondary Care Hospitals (PSCH), and their services are not being utilized fully. Main causes of high mortality and morbidity rates are hypoxia and ischemia of brain and other organs precipitated by preventable, controllable or treatable complications due to lack of basic medical and nursing care during transport to the TCH. Undiagnosed Rickettsial infections are suspected to be partly responsible for the high CFR in some areas. Improving rural hospitals and their ambulance services are the most economical way to reduce CFR. "Treatment facilities must be made available at places where cases occur." The best way to reduce CFR of encephalitis in developing and underdeveloped countries is to increase and improve PSCH and sensitize politicians, administrators, medical/nursing professionals and more importantly to impress and convince the public to utilize them.http://www.ijph.in/article.asp?issn=0019-557X;year=2014;volume=58;issue=3;spage=147;epage=155;aulast=PotharajuAcute encephalitis syndromecase fatality rateencephalitishealth careIndiaNepalplanningprimary carepublic healthRickettsia
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Nagabhushana Rao Potharaju
spellingShingle Nagabhushana Rao Potharaju
Whose failure? Encephalitis kills!
Indian Journal of Public Health
Acute encephalitis syndrome
case fatality rate
encephalitis
health care
India
Nepal
planning
primary care
public health
Rickettsia
author_facet Nagabhushana Rao Potharaju
author_sort Nagabhushana Rao Potharaju
title Whose failure? Encephalitis kills!
title_short Whose failure? Encephalitis kills!
title_full Whose failure? Encephalitis kills!
title_fullStr Whose failure? Encephalitis kills!
title_full_unstemmed Whose failure? Encephalitis kills!
title_sort whose failure? encephalitis kills!
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
series Indian Journal of Public Health
issn 0019-557X
publishDate 2014-01-01
description Encephalitis continues to be one of the most dreaded diagnoses because a high rate of morbidity and mortality are accepted even before starting the treatment. Most encephalitis cases occur in rural areas due to poor environmental sanitation, high-vector density, shortage of protected water supplies and lack of health education. Vaccination, environmental sanitation, vector control, health education and attention to prompt diagnosis and treatment in rural hospitals are the four essential pillars for reducing case fatality rate (CFR) of encephalitis. Frequently, virulence of the virus, immunological state of the host, unavailability of antiviral drugs and lack of enough tertiary care hospitals (TCH) are not responsible for the high CFR. Basic supportive care is not being practiced meticulously in Primary and Secondary Care Hospitals (PSCH), and their services are not being utilized fully. Main causes of high mortality and morbidity rates are hypoxia and ischemia of brain and other organs precipitated by preventable, controllable or treatable complications due to lack of basic medical and nursing care during transport to the TCH. Undiagnosed Rickettsial infections are suspected to be partly responsible for the high CFR in some areas. Improving rural hospitals and their ambulance services are the most economical way to reduce CFR. "Treatment facilities must be made available at places where cases occur." The best way to reduce CFR of encephalitis in developing and underdeveloped countries is to increase and improve PSCH and sensitize politicians, administrators, medical/nursing professionals and more importantly to impress and convince the public to utilize them.
topic Acute encephalitis syndrome
case fatality rate
encephalitis
health care
India
Nepal
planning
primary care
public health
Rickettsia
url http://www.ijph.in/article.asp?issn=0019-557X;year=2014;volume=58;issue=3;spage=147;epage=155;aulast=Potharaju
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