Crude oil degradation potential of bacteria isolated from oil-polluted soil and animal wastes in soil amended with animal wastes

• Main Authors: Voke O. Urhibo, Bernard O. Ejechi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: AIMS Press 2017-03-01
• Series: AIMS Environmental Science
• Subjects: poultry wastes; pig wastes; crude oil; biodegradation; <em>Proteus vulgaris</em>; <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>
• Online Access: http://www.aimspress.com/environmental/article/1325/fulltext.html

The influence of animal wastes on crude oil degradation potential of strains of Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis isolated from animal wastes (poultry and pig droppings) and petroleum-polluted soil was compared in laboratory studies. Both bacterial strains were selected for high crude oil degradation ability after screening many isolates by the 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol method. Analyses by gas chromatography (GC) showed that degradation of crude oil was markedly enhanced (88.3–97.3% vs 72.1–78.8%) in soil amended with animal wastes as indicated by the reduction of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). TPH reduction by animal waste bacterial strains in animal waste-amended soil was more than the reduction by strains from soil contaminated with petroleum (P &lt; 0.001). The greatest reduction of TPH (96.6–97.3% vs 80.4–95.9%) was by poultry waste strains and it occurred in soil amended with poultry waste. GC analyses of n-alkanes showed that although shorter chains were preferentially degraded [32.0–78.5% (C8–23) vs 6.3–18.5% (C24–36)] in normal soil, biodegradation of longer chains increased to 38.4–46.3% in animal waste-amended soil inoculated with the same animal wastes’ strains. The results indicate that these animal waste strains may be of potential application for bioremediation of oil-polluted soil in the presence of the wastes from where they were isolated.