| Summary: | <p class="p p-first" id="__p2"><strong>Background: </strong>The outcome of patients with <em>Pseudomonas </em>prosthetic joint infection (PS PJI) has not been well studied. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to assess the outcome of patients with <em>Pseudomonas </em>PJI and to review risk factors associated with failure of therapy.</p><p id="__p3"><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 1/1969 and 12/2012, 102 episodes of PS PJI in 91 patients were identified.</p><p id="__p4"><strong>Results</strong>: The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 67.4 years; forty three percent had knee involvement. Over 40 percent had either diabetes mellitus or a history of gastrointestinal or genitourinary surgery. Nearly half (48 out of 102 episodes) received aminoglycoside monotherapy, while 25% received an anti-pseudomonal cephalosporin. The 2-year cumulative survival free from failure was 69% (95% CI, 56%-82%). Patients treated with resection arthroplasty, two-stage exchange, and debridement with implant retention had a 2-year cumulative survival free from failure of 80% (95% CI, 66%-95%), 83% (95% CI, 60%-100%), and 26% (95% CI, 23%-29%) respectively (P=0.0001).</p><p class="p p-last" id="__p5"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> PS PJI's are associated with a high failure rate. Patients treated with debridement and implant retention had a worse outcome.</p>
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