Fluoride Concentration of Drinking Waters and Prevalence of Fluorosis in Iran: A Systematic Review
Background and aims. The aim of the present study was to systematically review fluoride concentration of drinking waters and prevalence of fluorosis in Iran through systematically evaluating results of studies conducted in this regard. Materials and methods. In this systematic review study, the re...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
2013-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dentistry.tbzmed.ac.ir/joddd/index.php/joddd/article/view/916/275 |
| Summary: | Background and aims. The aim of the present study was to systematically review fluoride concentration of drinking
waters and prevalence of fluorosis in Iran through systematically evaluating results of studies conducted in this regard.
Materials and methods. In this systematic review study, the required data was collected using keywords including
drinking water fluoride, fluoride concentration, Fluorosis, dent*, Iran*, and their Persian equivalents through PubMed,
ScienceDirect, IranMedex, SID, MEDLIB, and Magiran databases. Out of 617 articles, 29 articles were finally considered
after excluding the remaining articles which were not related to the study objectives. Following precise studying and extraction,
the relevant data were summarized in extraction tables and analyzed manually. Excel 2007 software was used to draw
diagrams.
Results. 4434 samples of surface, ground, and tap water resources collected within 236 months during all seasons in 17
provinces of Iran were used in 29 articles determining fluoride concentrations of drinking water. Average fluoride concentration
was estimated to be 0.43 ± 0.17 ppm with zero and 3.06 as minimal and maximal values. The least concentration was
seen in tap water. Fluoride concentration of only three provinces was in accordance with the global standard. According to
estimations, prevalence of fluorosis was 61% with only 1% as severe fluorosis.
Conclusion. Despite lower than standard concentrations of fluoride in drinking water, a relatively high level of fluorosis
was seen in Iran. |
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| ISSN: | 2008-210X 2008-2118 |