Robust Infrared Small Target Detection via Jointly Sparse Constraint of <i>l</i>_1/2-Metric and Dual-Graph Regularization

• Main Authors: Fei Zhou, Yiquan Wu, Yimian Dai, Kang Ni
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-06-01
• Series: Remote Sensing
• Subjects: infrared small target detection; spatial and feature graph regularization; l1/2-norm constraint; LADMAP
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/12/1963

Small target detection is a critical step in remotely infrared searching and guiding applications. However, previously proposed algorithms would exhibit performance deterioration in the presence of complex background. It is attributed to two main reasons. First, some common background interferences are difficult to eliminate effectively by using conventional sparse measure. Second, most methods only exploit the spatial information typically, but ignore the structural priors across feature space. To address these issues, this paper gives a novel model combining the spatial-feature graph regularization and <i>l</i>_1/2-norm sparse constraint. In this model, the spatial and feature regularizations are imposed on the sparse component in the form of graph Laplacians, where the sparse component is enforced as the eigenvectors of their graph Laplacian matrices. Such an approach is to explore the geometric information in both data and feature space simultaneously. Moreover, <i>l</i>_1/2-norm acts as a substitute of the traditional <i>l</i>₁-norm to constrain the sparse component, further reducing the fake targets. Finally, an efficient optimization algorithm equipped with linearized alternating direction method with adaptive penalty (LADMAP) is carefully designed for model solution. Comprehensive experiments on different infrared scenes substantiate the superiority of the proposed method beyond 11 competitive algorithms in subjective and objective evaluation.