Low-Temperature Combustion of High Octane Fuels in a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine

Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) has been shown as one of the advanced combustion concepts that could potentially provide a pathway to achieve cleaner and more efficient combustion engines. Fuel and air in GCI are not fully premixed compared to homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), whic...

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Main Authors: Khanh Duc Cung, Stephen Anthony Ciatti, Slavey Tanov, Öivind Andersson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-12-01
Series:Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmech.2017.00022/full
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spelling doaj-d606e23c8c42471f9ba3add6b9ddf0962020-11-24T22:35:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering2297-30792017-12-01310.3389/fmech.2017.00022292321Low-Temperature Combustion of High Octane Fuels in a Gasoline Compression Ignition EngineKhanh Duc Cung0Stephen Anthony Ciatti1Slavey Tanov2Öivind Andersson3Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, United StatesEnergy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, United StatesLund University, Lund, SwedenLund University, Lund, SwedenGasoline compression ignition (GCI) has been shown as one of the advanced combustion concepts that could potentially provide a pathway to achieve cleaner and more efficient combustion engines. Fuel and air in GCI are not fully premixed compared to homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), which is a completely kinetic-controlled combustion system. Therefore, the combustion phasing can be controlled by the time of injection, usually postinjection in a multiple-injection scheme, to mitigate combustion noise. Gasoline usually has longer ignition delay than diesel. The autoignition quality of gasoline can be indicated by research octane number (RON). Fuels with high octane tend to have more resistance to autoignition, hence more time for fuel-air mixing. In this study, three fuels, namely, aromatic, alkylate, and E30, with similar RON value of 98 but different hydrocarbon compositions were tested in a multicylinder engine under GCI combustion mode. Considerations of exhaust gas recirculating (EGR), start of injection, and boost were investigated to study the sensitivity of dilution, local stratification, and reactivity of the charge, respectively, for each fuel. Combustion phasing (location of 50% of fuel mass burned) was kept constant during the experiments. This provides similar thermodynamic conditions to study the effect of fuels on emissions. Emission characteristics at different levels of EGR and lambda were revealed for all fuels with E30 having the lowest filter smoke number and was also most sensitive to the change in dilution. Reasonably low combustion noise (<90 dB) and stable combustion (coefficient of variance of indicated mean effective pressure <3%) were maintained during the experiments. The second part of this article contains visualization of the combustion process obtained from endoscope imaging for each fuel at selected conditions. Soot radiation signal from GCI combustion were strong during late injection and also more intense at low EGR conditions. Soot/temperature profiles indicated only the high-temperature combustion period, while cylinder pressure-based heat release rate showed a two-stage combustion phenomenon.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmech.2017.00022/fullinternal combustion enginegasoline compression ignitionhigh octaneendoscope imaginglow-temperature combustion
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Khanh Duc Cung
Stephen Anthony Ciatti
Slavey Tanov
Öivind Andersson
spellingShingle Khanh Duc Cung
Stephen Anthony Ciatti
Slavey Tanov
Öivind Andersson
Low-Temperature Combustion of High Octane Fuels in a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine
Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering
internal combustion engine
gasoline compression ignition
high octane
endoscope imaging
low-temperature combustion
author_facet Khanh Duc Cung
Stephen Anthony Ciatti
Slavey Tanov
Öivind Andersson
author_sort Khanh Duc Cung
title Low-Temperature Combustion of High Octane Fuels in a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine
title_short Low-Temperature Combustion of High Octane Fuels in a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine
title_full Low-Temperature Combustion of High Octane Fuels in a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine
title_fullStr Low-Temperature Combustion of High Octane Fuels in a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine
title_full_unstemmed Low-Temperature Combustion of High Octane Fuels in a Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine
title_sort low-temperature combustion of high octane fuels in a gasoline compression ignition engine
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering
issn 2297-3079
publishDate 2017-12-01
description Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) has been shown as one of the advanced combustion concepts that could potentially provide a pathway to achieve cleaner and more efficient combustion engines. Fuel and air in GCI are not fully premixed compared to homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), which is a completely kinetic-controlled combustion system. Therefore, the combustion phasing can be controlled by the time of injection, usually postinjection in a multiple-injection scheme, to mitigate combustion noise. Gasoline usually has longer ignition delay than diesel. The autoignition quality of gasoline can be indicated by research octane number (RON). Fuels with high octane tend to have more resistance to autoignition, hence more time for fuel-air mixing. In this study, three fuels, namely, aromatic, alkylate, and E30, with similar RON value of 98 but different hydrocarbon compositions were tested in a multicylinder engine under GCI combustion mode. Considerations of exhaust gas recirculating (EGR), start of injection, and boost were investigated to study the sensitivity of dilution, local stratification, and reactivity of the charge, respectively, for each fuel. Combustion phasing (location of 50% of fuel mass burned) was kept constant during the experiments. This provides similar thermodynamic conditions to study the effect of fuels on emissions. Emission characteristics at different levels of EGR and lambda were revealed for all fuels with E30 having the lowest filter smoke number and was also most sensitive to the change in dilution. Reasonably low combustion noise (<90 dB) and stable combustion (coefficient of variance of indicated mean effective pressure <3%) were maintained during the experiments. The second part of this article contains visualization of the combustion process obtained from endoscope imaging for each fuel at selected conditions. Soot radiation signal from GCI combustion were strong during late injection and also more intense at low EGR conditions. Soot/temperature profiles indicated only the high-temperature combustion period, while cylinder pressure-based heat release rate showed a two-stage combustion phenomenon.
topic internal combustion engine
gasoline compression ignition
high octane
endoscope imaging
low-temperature combustion
url http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmech.2017.00022/full
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