Threshold value of enamel mineral solubility and dental erosion after consuming acidic soft drinks

• Main Author: Muhammad Ilyas
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universitas Airlangga 2011-09-01
• Series: Dental Journal: Majalah Kedokteran Gigi
• Subjects: Soft drinks; threshold value; mineral solubility; dental erosion; Minuman ringan; nilai ambang; kelarutan mineral; erosi gigi
• Online Access: http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/index.php/MKG/article/view/863

<p><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Background</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Dental erosion is irreversible and can caused by acidic soft drink consumption. Dental erosion prevention had </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>already been done, but it still has not been satisfying since the consumption of acidic soft drink is still high. There is still no explanation </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>about the threshold value of enamel mineral solubility and the occurance of dental erosion after consuming acidic soft drink. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Purpose</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>This research is aimed to find the threshold value of enamel mineral solubility and dental erosion before and after consuming acidic </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>soft drinks. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Methods</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Subjects of the research are saliva and enamel of 12 rabbits, which have some criteria such as age &gt; 70 days, </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>body weight &gt; 600 grams, and teeth considered to be healthy. The sample devided equally into 4 groups. Each of those marmooths </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>was given a drink as much as 2.5 cc/consumption (there are 1, 2 and 3</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>× </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>per day) by using syringe without injection needle. Salivary </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>minerals then were examined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometric (ASS), while dental erosion was examined using scanning </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>electron microscop (SEM). The data were analyzed by using Paired t-test. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Results</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: It is known that the threshold value of enamel </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>mineral solubility (K, Na, Fe, Mg, Cl, P, Ca, F, C) has significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) after being exposed to folic acid. Meanwhile, </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Fe did not have significant difference (p = 0.090) after being exposed to citric acid. Similarly, C did not have significant difference </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(p = 0.063) after being exposed to bicarbonate acid. Furthermore, it is also known that the threshold time value of dental erosion are </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>on the 105</em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>th </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>day for folic acid, on the 111</em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>th </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>day for citric acid, and on the 117</em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>th </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>day for bicarbonate acid. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Conclusion</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Threshold value </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>of enamel mineral solubility before and after consuming soft drinks containing acid is different. Based on the threshold value of dental </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>erosion, it is known that folic acid is the most erosive acid.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Latar belakang</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Erosi gigi bersifat irreversible disebabkan oleh konsumsi minuman ringan yang mengandung asam. Pencegahan </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>erosi gigi telah dilakukan tetapi hasilnya tidak memuaskan karena masih banyak orang selalu mengkonsumsi minuman ringan yang </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>berasam. Tidak ada satupun yang menjelaskan lebih terperinci tentang perbedaan nilai ambang kelarutan email dan waktu erosi </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>gigi setelah konsumsi minuman ringan yang berasam. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Tujuan</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai ambang </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>kelarutan mineral email dan erosi gigi sebelum dan setelah mengkonsumsi minuman ringan yang mengandung asam. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Metode</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Subjek </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>dari penelitian ini adalah saliva dan enamel dari 12 ekor kelinci dengan criteria usia lebih dari 70 hari, berat lebih dari 600 gram, dan </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>gigi dalam keadaan sehat. Sampel dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Masing-masing kelinci diberikan 2,5 ml minuman sekali konsumsi (1, </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>2, dan 3 kali sehari) menggunakan spite tanpa jarum. Mineral saliva dianalisa menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(ASS), sedangkan erosi gigi diperiksa dengan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscop (SEM). Data analisa dengan Paired-t test. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Hasil</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Semua mineral email (K, Na, Fe, Mg, Cl, P, Ca, F, C) nilai ambang kelarutannya berbeda secara bermakna sebelum dan setelah </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>terpapar oleh asam folat (p &lt; 0,05). Sebelum dan setelah terpapar oleh asam sitrat nilai ambang kelarutan mineral Fe tidak bermakna </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(p = 0,090), sebelum dan setelah terpapar oleh asam bikarbonat nilai ambang kelarutan mineral C tidak bermakna (p = 0,063). Nilai </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>ambang waktu erosi gigi didapatkan pada hari ke 105 untuk asam folat, hari ke 111 untuk asam sitrat dan hari ke 117 untuk asam </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bikarbonat. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Kesimpulan</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Nilai ambang kelarutan mineral email sebelum dan setelah konsumsi minuman ringan mengandung asam </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>berbeda. Berdasarkan nilai ambang erosi gigi, dapat diketahui bahwa asam folat merupakan asam yang paling erosif.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>