MALT Lymphoma of the Urinary Bladder Shows a Dramatic Female Predominance, Uneven Geographic Distribution, and Possible Infectious Etiology

• Main Authors: Lyapichev KA, Ivashkevich Y, Chernov Y, Chinenov D, Shpot E, Bessonov AA, Dabaja BS, Konoplev S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2021-02-01
• Series: Research and Reports in Urology
• Subjects: malt lymphoma; urinary bladder; cystitis; urinary tract infection
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/malt-lymphoma-of-the-urinary-bladder-shows-a-dramatic-female-predomina-peer-reviewed-article-RRU

Kirill A Lyapichev,1,* Yana Ivashkevich,1,* Yaroslav Chernov,2 Denis Chinenov,2 Evgeniy Shpot,2 Alexander A Bessonov,3 Bouthaina S Dabaja,4 Sergej Konoplev1 1Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; 2Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; 3Breast Cancer Department, NMRC N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology of the Ministry of Healthcare, St. Petersburg, Russia; 4Radiation Oncology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Sergej KonoplevDepartment of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USATel [phone]Fax [phone]Email [e-mail]: Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) of the urinary bladder is an extremely rare entity accounting for 0.2% of all malignant urinary bladder neoplasms, and the diagnosis could be challenging. We present here a patient with urinary bladder MALT lymphoma and review of all published case reports in the literature. We summarized the reported immunophenotype of the neoplasm, ancillary studies, therapy, and follow-up for all 59 patients in the table. The median patients’ age was 57 years-old (range, 17 to 88), with female predominance in 50 of 59 patients representing a 1:5.6 ratio. Geographical distribution of the reported patients was as follows: 22 from Asia, of which more than a half (16) originated from Japan; 28 from Europe, of which 19 reported from the United Kingdom, and 3 patients were reported from the United States (including our patient). Twenty-three (77%) of 30 patients, for whom their clinical presentation was recorded, had symptoms of cystitis; Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen. We concluded that a prominent female predominance, uneven geographic distribution of urinary bladder MALT lymphoma, and a success of antibacterial therapy in selected cases suggest the link between urinary tract infection and urinary bladder MALT lymphoma.Keywords: MALT lymphoma, urinary bladder, cystitis, urinary tract infection