Сoncept of “Fourth generation of human rights”: attempt of philosophical and anthropological rationale
This article is an attempt of philosophical and anthropological substantiation of the concept the “Fourth generation of human rights”, which develops the generational approach to the classification of human rights. Progress of convergent technology combining nano-, bio-, info- and cognitive techn...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Philosophy and Law
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Антиномии |
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| Summary: | This article is an attempt of philosophical and anthropological substantiation
of the concept the “Fourth generation of human rights”, which develops the generational
approach to the classification of human rights. Progress of convergent technology
combining nano-, bio-, info- and cognitive technologies, is the objective basis for emergence
of the analyzed concept. The methodological ground of the article is post-non-classical
paradigm of human rights, and the anthropology of moderate bio-conservatism advocating for progressive development of technology against the human nature transformation.
Convergent-technological and panhuman understanding of the concept of the “fourth
generation of human rights” is identified based of conducted analysis. The submission
on the fifth and sixth generations of human rights is refused through the application
of “Occam's razor”. The fourth generation of human rights is associated with individual
rights to influence current and further capabilities of convergent technologies to his or
her own body but taking into account actual and potential limitations. In the article,
the concepts of “human nature”, “corporality” and “freedom” are used for justification
of analyzed concept from philosophical and anthropological standpoint. Their analysis
allows us to formulate conclusions with methodological significance for understanding of
the concept of the “fourth generation of human rights”. Firstly, it is the dialectical unity
of constancy and change in human nature, which is understood as a multicomponent
phenomenon. Secondly, it is the importance of human being as the evolutionary current
corporality. Thirdly, it is the combination of voluntary refusal at individual level from
potentially dangerous of the future of human technology and legal limitations of
technology usage, the threat of which is regarded dangerous for community. The author
criticizes the liberal anthropological understanding of the concept the “fourth generation
of human rights”, which ignores the commonality with other people. These conclusions
are substantiated with anthropology of moderate bio-conservatism; they constitute
a conceptual limitation of implementation of somatic rights of person, which makes
possible to synthesize the convergent-technological and panhuman understanding of the
concept the “fourth generation of human rights”. The results of the research contributes
to rationale of universal conception of human rights. |
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| ISSN: | 2686-7206 2686-925X |