A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency Control

Nowadays, the Balancing Authority Area Control Error (ACE) Limit (BAAL) Standard has been adopted to replace the Control Performance Standard 2 (CPS2) in the North American power grid. According to the new standard’s mechanism, a new control logic, named “Triggered Monitoring and Graded Regulation”...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Yekui Chang, Rao Liu, Yu Ba, Weidong Li
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2018-01-01
Series:	Energies
Subjects:	wind power utilization load frequency control (LFC) balancing authority area control error (ACE) limit standard (BAAL) control logic real power balancing operation security
Online Access:	http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/1/121

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record_format	Article
spelling	doaj-d433e32f4e1b4351bd37020b944d95242020-11-25T00:13:29ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732018-01-0111112110.3390/en11010121en11010121A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency ControlYekui Chang0Rao Liu1Yu Ba2Weidong Li3Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116000, ChinaFaculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116000, ChinaFaculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116000, ChinaFaculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116000, ChinaNowadays, the Balancing Authority Area Control Error (ACE) Limit (BAAL) Standard has been adopted to replace the Control Performance Standard 2 (CPS2) in the North American power grid. According to the new standard’s mechanism, a new control logic, named “Triggered Monitoring and Graded Regulation” (TM-GR) is proposed. Its purpose is to improve wind power utilization, with good BAAL Standard compliance for load frequency control (LFC). With the TM logic, according to the real-time regulating ability of areas and forecasting results of wind power output, the triggering moments to give orders are found and a defined monitoring interval is set to track the succeeding fluctuation of Area Control Error (ACE). With the GR logic, based on whether or not over-limit frequency and over-limit ACE occur simultaneously, unit output is regulated in different grades. In cooperation with the existing control logic of Control Performance Standard 1 (CPS1), the proposed logic has a higher priority. From the test results, with the proposed control logic, the utilization of wind power output increases and, meanwhile, the area’s control performance meets the Standard BAL-001-2 requirements. The standard deviation of the frequency deviation is less than the target value, and the duration of over-limit ACE and over-limit frequency can both be restricted to be less than 30 min.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/1/121wind power utilizationload frequency control (LFC)balancing authority area control error (ACE) limit standard (BAAL)control logicreal power balancingoperation security
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Yekui Chang Rao Liu Yu Ba Weidong Li
spellingShingle	Yekui Chang Rao Liu Yu Ba Weidong Li A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency Control Energies wind power utilization load frequency control (LFC) balancing authority area control error (ACE) limit standard (BAAL) control logic real power balancing operation security
author_facet	Yekui Chang Rao Liu Yu Ba Weidong Li
author_sort	Yekui Chang
title	A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency Control
title_short	A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency Control
title_full	A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency Control
title_fullStr	A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency Control
title_full_unstemmed	A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency Control
title_sort	new control logic for a wind-area on the balancing authority area control error limit standard for load frequency control
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Energies
issn	1996-1073
publishDate	2018-01-01
description	Nowadays, the Balancing Authority Area Control Error (ACE) Limit (BAAL) Standard has been adopted to replace the Control Performance Standard 2 (CPS2) in the North American power grid. According to the new standard’s mechanism, a new control logic, named “Triggered Monitoring and Graded Regulation” (TM-GR) is proposed. Its purpose is to improve wind power utilization, with good BAAL Standard compliance for load frequency control (LFC). With the TM logic, according to the real-time regulating ability of areas and forecasting results of wind power output, the triggering moments to give orders are found and a defined monitoring interval is set to track the succeeding fluctuation of Area Control Error (ACE). With the GR logic, based on whether or not over-limit frequency and over-limit ACE occur simultaneously, unit output is regulated in different grades. In cooperation with the existing control logic of Control Performance Standard 1 (CPS1), the proposed logic has a higher priority. From the test results, with the proposed control logic, the utilization of wind power output increases and, meanwhile, the area’s control performance meets the Standard BAL-001-2 requirements. The standard deviation of the frequency deviation is less than the target value, and the duration of over-limit ACE and over-limit frequency can both be restricted to be less than 30 min.
topic	wind power utilization load frequency control (LFC) balancing authority area control error (ACE) limit standard (BAAL) control logic real power balancing operation security
url	http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/1/121
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A New Control Logic for a Wind-Area on the Balancing Authority Area Control Error Limit Standard for Load Frequency Control

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