Osteoclast activity in osteoporosis mandibular bone based on RANKL and osteoprotegerin ratio.

• Main Authors: Mefina Kuntjoro, Nike Hendrijantini, Fedik Abdul Rantam, Guang Hong, Sherman Salim, Muhammad Dimas Aditya Ari
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Academic Association of Pharmaceutical Sciences from Antofagasta (ASOCIFA) 2021-11-01
• Series: Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research
• Subjects: estrogen; medicine; osteoblast; osteoclast; osteoprotegerin; rankl
• Online Access: https://jppres.com/jppres/pdf/vol9/jppres21.1094_9.6.870.pdf

Context: Osteoporosis occurs not only in the lumbar bone, femur, and radius but also occurs in the mandibular bone. Therefore, osteoporosis is a disease that required attention from the dentists. Aims: To determine the ratio of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kB-Ligand:Osteoprotegerin (RANKL:OPG) expression and the ratio of osteoclasts:osteoblasts number in the mandibular bone of the osteoporosis rat models. Methods: The research subjects used were 20 Rattus novergicus, which were randomly divided into two groups, namely ovariectomy (OVX) and sham surgery (SHS). Twelve weeks after surgery, the animals were terminated and mandibular bone specimens were taken for histological examination of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, RANKL, and OPG expression. An examination of estrogen levels in the blood of the research subjects was also carried out. All data obtained were tested statistically using a t-test. Results: There was a decrease in the amount of estrogen in the OVX group rather than SHS (p = 0.005). In the SHS group, the RANKL:OPG expression value ratio was 0.51 ± 0.15, while in the OVX group was 0.86 ± 0.22 (p = 0.001). In the SHS group, the ratio of osteoclasts:osteoblasts number was 0.012 ± 0.004, while in the OVX group was 0.061 ± 0.023 (p = 0.001). Conclusions: A decrease in estrogen significantly induces the ratio of RANKL:OPG and osteoclast:osteoblasts in the mandibular bone.