From dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of China

Abstract Climate patterns, cropping systems, and agricultural technologies have greater diversity among various regions in China. Knowledge of the spatial–temporal patterns of solar radiation during the maize growing season is essential for farmers and extension technicians in their optimization of...

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Main Authors: Zhijuan Liu, Xiaoguang Yang, Xiaomao Lin, Zhentao Zhang, Shuang Sun, Qing Ye
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-05-01
Series:Food and Energy Security
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.275
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spelling doaj-d234a4d28ebb4b9eaa9d397472d2be4e2021-05-12T16:12:48ZengWileyFood and Energy Security2048-36942021-05-0110232934010.1002/fes3.275From dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of ChinaZhijuan Liu0Xiaoguang Yang1Xiaomao Lin2Zhentao Zhang3Shuang Sun4Qing Ye5College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing ChinaDepartment of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan KS USACollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing ChinaForestry Institute Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang ChinaAbstract Climate patterns, cropping systems, and agricultural technologies have greater diversity among various regions in China. Knowledge of the spatial–temporal patterns of solar radiation during the maize growing season is essential for farmers and extension technicians in their optimization of cropping choices and development of adaptation strategies for climate change. In this study, based on the observed solar radiation in six subregions of China, we analyzed the spatial distributions and temporal trends of incident solar radiation (SRi), beam solar radiation (SRb), and diffuse solar radiation (SRd) during 1961–2014. From 1961 to 1984, the annual SRi in most areas showed a downward trend, with a median value of −27.8 MJ m−2 year−1, which is primarily due to a decrease in SRb. However, after 1985, 76% of locations had reversed to brightening. This finding is primarily due to an increase in SRd. The trends in SRi during the whole growing season (WGS) of maize changed by −12.4% to 18.3% during the past 30 years, and 74% of the selected locations showed an increasing trend. At most of the stations, SRb showed a decreasing trend during the WGS, and SRd showed an increasing trend. The trends of SRi, SRb, and SRd during the vegetative period and reproductive period of maize have generally followed a trend similar to the WGSs. Therefore, we conclude that annual solar radiation changed from dimming to brightening from 1961 to 2014 in China. Solar brightening occurred during the maize growing season, which was mainly caused by an increase in diffuse radiation.https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.275climate changediffuse solar radiationmaize growing seasonsolar brighteningsolar radiation
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Zhijuan Liu
Xiaoguang Yang
Xiaomao Lin
Zhentao Zhang
Shuang Sun
Qing Ye
spellingShingle Zhijuan Liu
Xiaoguang Yang
Xiaomao Lin
Zhentao Zhang
Shuang Sun
Qing Ye
From dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of China
Food and Energy Security
climate change
diffuse solar radiation
maize growing season
solar brightening
solar radiation
author_facet Zhijuan Liu
Xiaoguang Yang
Xiaomao Lin
Zhentao Zhang
Shuang Sun
Qing Ye
author_sort Zhijuan Liu
title From dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of China
title_short From dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of China
title_full From dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of China
title_fullStr From dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of China
title_full_unstemmed From dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of China
title_sort from dimming to brightening during 1961 to 2014 in the maize growing season of china
publisher Wiley
series Food and Energy Security
issn 2048-3694
publishDate 2021-05-01
description Abstract Climate patterns, cropping systems, and agricultural technologies have greater diversity among various regions in China. Knowledge of the spatial–temporal patterns of solar radiation during the maize growing season is essential for farmers and extension technicians in their optimization of cropping choices and development of adaptation strategies for climate change. In this study, based on the observed solar radiation in six subregions of China, we analyzed the spatial distributions and temporal trends of incident solar radiation (SRi), beam solar radiation (SRb), and diffuse solar radiation (SRd) during 1961–2014. From 1961 to 1984, the annual SRi in most areas showed a downward trend, with a median value of −27.8 MJ m−2 year−1, which is primarily due to a decrease in SRb. However, after 1985, 76% of locations had reversed to brightening. This finding is primarily due to an increase in SRd. The trends in SRi during the whole growing season (WGS) of maize changed by −12.4% to 18.3% during the past 30 years, and 74% of the selected locations showed an increasing trend. At most of the stations, SRb showed a decreasing trend during the WGS, and SRd showed an increasing trend. The trends of SRi, SRb, and SRd during the vegetative period and reproductive period of maize have generally followed a trend similar to the WGSs. Therefore, we conclude that annual solar radiation changed from dimming to brightening from 1961 to 2014 in China. Solar brightening occurred during the maize growing season, which was mainly caused by an increase in diffuse radiation.
topic climate change
diffuse solar radiation
maize growing season
solar brightening
solar radiation
url https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.275
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