| Summary: | The Reconceptualization Movement of Social Work in Latin America, broke out in 1965, among the movements for change and counterrevolutionary reaction, constitutes a mark in this profession. It triggered the criticism of the traditional social work and also contributed to build up a Marxist oriented critical alternative. This study aims at making historical indications of this movement, highlighting topics such as: subjects and advances of Social Work; point out the tendency of a loss of space of the Marxist critical theory in the current advance of conservatism in Latin America and the resistance of professionals and students of Social Work as a need to support critical alternative, individualizing the defense of the professional ethical-political project in Brazil. Under the guidance of the historical method, the development uses literature review and records of the memories of the author's experience in life. The final considerations emphasize the linkage of Social Work to the interests of the exploited and humiliated classes, in effective commitment to the historical need for emancipation, as the most important of the movement's legacy to Social Work in Latin America.
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