β-Sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes
Mitochondrial bioenergetic adaptation is important for maintaining normal physiological functions, particularly in skeletal muscle, which displays a wide range of variations in energy demand. β-Sitosterol (BSS), an active component of Cistanches Herba, can influence mitochondrial membrane potential...
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doaj-d140d66b194b44fc80d176812873c8782021-04-30T07:07:31ZengElsevierJournal of Functional Foods1756-46462016-05-0123253260β-Sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in C2C12 myotubesHoi Shan Wong0Pou Kuan Leong1Jihang Chen2Hoi Yan Leung3Wing Man Chan4Kam Ming Ko5Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SARDivision of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SARDivision of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SARDivision of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SARDivision of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SARCorresponding author. Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR. Tel.: +852 2358 7281; fax: +852 2358 1552.; Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SARMitochondrial bioenergetic adaptation is important for maintaining normal physiological functions, particularly in skeletal muscle, which displays a wide range of variations in energy demand. β-Sitosterol (BSS), an active component of Cistanches Herba, can influence mitochondrial membrane potential through its actions on mitochondrial electron transport and mitochondrial uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes. Since mitochondrial electron transport and uncoupling constitute a substrate cycle for mitochondrial ATP generation that can increase its regulatory efficiency, we postulated that BSS may enhance the responsiveness of mitochondria to ATP production to increased energy demand. Our findings indicated that BSS fluidizes mitochondrial membranes and thereby stimulates mitochondrial electron transport and induces uncoupling protein-mediated mitochondrial uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes. BSS-preincubated cells also demonstrated a more rapid mitochondrial response to ATP production upon increasing energy demand in C2C12 myotubes, wherein the increase in mitochondrial membrane fluidity and the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling were involved. Therefore, BSS may offer a promising approach for improving mitochondrial bioenergetic adaptation to energy demand in skeletal muscle, particularly during physical exercise and in patients suffering from mitochondria-related muscle dysfunction.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464616300093β-SitosterolMitochondrial electron transportMitochondrial uncouplingMitochondrial responsiveness to energy demand |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hoi Shan Wong Pou Kuan Leong Jihang Chen Hoi Yan Leung Wing Man Chan Kam Ming Ko |
spellingShingle |
Hoi Shan Wong Pou Kuan Leong Jihang Chen Hoi Yan Leung Wing Man Chan Kam Ming Ko β-Sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes Journal of Functional Foods β-Sitosterol Mitochondrial electron transport Mitochondrial uncoupling Mitochondrial responsiveness to energy demand |
author_facet |
Hoi Shan Wong Pou Kuan Leong Jihang Chen Hoi Yan Leung Wing Man Chan Kam Ming Ko |
author_sort |
Hoi Shan Wong |
title |
β-Sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes |
title_short |
β-Sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes |
title_full |
β-Sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes |
title_fullStr |
β-Sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes |
title_full_unstemmed |
β-Sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes |
title_sort |
β-sitosterol increases mitochondrial electron transport by fluidizing mitochondrial membranes and enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to increasing energy demand by the induction of uncoupling in c2c12 myotubes |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Journal of Functional Foods |
issn |
1756-4646 |
publishDate |
2016-05-01 |
description |
Mitochondrial bioenergetic adaptation is important for maintaining normal physiological functions, particularly in skeletal muscle, which displays a wide range of variations in energy demand. β-Sitosterol (BSS), an active component of Cistanches Herba, can influence mitochondrial membrane potential through its actions on mitochondrial electron transport and mitochondrial uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes. Since mitochondrial electron transport and uncoupling constitute a substrate cycle for mitochondrial ATP generation that can increase its regulatory efficiency, we postulated that BSS may enhance the responsiveness of mitochondria to ATP production to increased energy demand. Our findings indicated that BSS fluidizes mitochondrial membranes and thereby stimulates mitochondrial electron transport and induces uncoupling protein-mediated mitochondrial uncoupling in C2C12 myotubes. BSS-preincubated cells also demonstrated a more rapid mitochondrial response to ATP production upon increasing energy demand in C2C12 myotubes, wherein the increase in mitochondrial membrane fluidity and the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling were involved. Therefore, BSS may offer a promising approach for improving mitochondrial bioenergetic adaptation to energy demand in skeletal muscle, particularly during physical exercise and in patients suffering from mitochondria-related muscle dysfunction. |
topic |
β-Sitosterol Mitochondrial electron transport Mitochondrial uncoupling Mitochondrial responsiveness to energy demand |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464616300093 |
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