Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22: Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation, and Validation in Local Language

• Main Authors: Aditya M Yeolekar, Vidya Rokade, Kiran Shinde, Netra Pathak, Haris Qadri, Kaustubh Kahane
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: The Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West Bengal 2018-04-01
• Series: Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery
• Subjects: Nose Diseases; Quality of Life; SNOT-22; Marathi
• Online Access: https://bjohns.in/journal/index.php/bjohns/article/view/356

Introduction Quality of life questionnaires have been increasingly used in clinical studies to help estimate the magnitude of problem. Sino-Nasal Outcome Test -22 (SNOT-22) is considered to be a good tool to measure the severity of Sino-Nasal Diseases. As this test is in English, it may be difficult for the local population to express their symptoms correctly. Therefore we have translated and validated the SNOT- 22 test in local Indian language, Marathi. Materials and Methods An early Indian ( Marathi ) version of the SNOT 22 questionnaire was prepared. This was a prospective study,where forty patients with Sino-nasal Diseases confirmed on DNE & CT(PNS) filled the questionnaire. This was repeated after a period of 14 days to retest. For validation the questionnaire was also filled by healthy individuals. Results The mean SNOT-22 score ± SD was 50.17 ± 18.65 (range 10–93) in the initial test, and 49.61 ± 18.40 (range 21–91) in retest in the study group. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.835 and 0.837 at the initial and retest examination respectively, both values were suggesting a good internal consistency. The mean SNOT-22 score ± SD was 13 ± 11.68 in the control group and 49.61 ± 18.40 (range 21–91) in the sino-nasal disease group and proved by Mann- Whitney U test. Conclusion The Marathi SNOT-22 is a valid instrument to assess the symptomatology of patients of Sino-nasal Diseases in Maharashtra.