Investigation of ABO Blood Groups in Periodontal Status and its Effect on Level of Response to Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment

• Main Authors: Mhd Ammar Kouki, Ali Abou Sulaiman, Mohammad Tawfik Kouki, Mohammed Monzer Alsabbagh
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2019-06-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
• Subjects: blood phenotypes; periodontal disease; rh factor; root planing; scaling
• Online Access: https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/12951/41518_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1(TR_OM)_PN(SL).pdf

Introduction: ABO blood groups have been associated with several systemic diseases. Various studies have investigated the relationship between ABO blood groups and periodontal diseases. Aim: The purposes of this study were to assess the possible association between ABO blood groups and Rh factor with periodontal status, and to determine whether the level of response to scaling and root planing would vary based on the patient’s blood phenotype. Materials and Methods: A total of 1009 subjects participated in this cross-sectional study and were allocated into three groups, healthy participants, with gingivitis and with periodontitis. Furthermore, sixty patients from the periodontitis group with generalised chronic periodontitis were further divided into four groups according to their blood phenotypes to participate in the second stage of the study. Blood sample were collected using the finger prick technique and the direct agglutination method was used to determine the blood group. Chi-square test was used to investigate the association between ABO blood groups and Rh factor with periodontal status, and One-Way ANOVA was chosen to assess the level of response to scaling and root planing based on the participant’s blood group. Results: A higher incidence of gingivitis was found in patients with blood group A whereas a higher incidence of periodontitis was found in patients with blood group O. In addition, a higher incidence of periodontitis followed by gingivitis was found in Rh positive patients. Regarding the effect of ABO blood groups on nonsurgical periodontal therapy, there was no significant difference between the four groups. Conclusion: A and O blood groups and Rh positive are possible risk factors for periodontal disease, and the level of response to scaling and root planing does not differ according the blood group.