Water and Manufacturing Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic Elements
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of mineral content of drinking water on mineral content of cow’s milk, and to evaluate the effect of skimming process on mineral content of milk. The mineral content of milk is particularly important to the infant food formula industry, whilst...
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Agroprint Timisoara
2018-11-01
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doaj-cf690e75a5294fc58b8730aceaed3abb2020-11-25T03:36:08ZengAgroprint TimisoaraScientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies1841-93642344-45762018-11-0151218252124Water and Manufacturing Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic ElementsChrysostomos Vasilios Milis0Vincenzo Tufarelli1Vasiliki Kinigopoulou2Chrysa Mastrodimou3Ministry of Rural Development and Foods Soil, plant, water and fertilizers analysis of central Macedonia, Sindos 57400Professor, University of BariSoil and water resources Institute, Sindos ThessalonikiHarokopio University of AthensThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of mineral content of drinking water on mineral content of cow’s milk, and to evaluate the effect of skimming process on mineral content of milk. The mineral content of milk is particularly important to the infant food formula industry, whilst milk products cover significant proportion of adult requirements in inorganic elements. Presently water is not considered feed and official controls in EU are restricted to complete feed for ruminants (complementary feed and forages), excluding water quality and content. Nevertheless, water is the main constituent (87%) of milk. Thirty Holstein Friesian cows, with the same milk production; parity and stage of lactation where randomly allocated in to two equal groups and fed the same ration but had access to different water supply, in a changeover design. Additionally, milk samples with different fat content 0, 1.5 and 3.5% were taken during the year, from manufacturing milk supplies, representing the 90% of Greek milk pool. The elements determined were Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe by the use of atomic absorption spectroscopy, and P was determined through UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Water did not have significant effect on the content of Ca and P but significant effect on Mg, Cu and Mn content of milk. Milk fat removal significantly increased the content of Ca, P, and Mg. Manufacturing process did not affect micro element content. The elements Zn and Fe were not affected by manufacturing process neither by drinking water. Food composition tables should be updated as macro mineral content of milk is reduced gradually corresponding to higher yielding cows; whilst trace element content tend to increase as a result of higher proportion of concentrates fed.http://spasb.ro/index.php/spasb/article/view/2421drinking watercow’s milkinorganic elementsskim milk |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chrysostomos Vasilios Milis Vincenzo Tufarelli Vasiliki Kinigopoulou Chrysa Mastrodimou |
spellingShingle |
Chrysostomos Vasilios Milis Vincenzo Tufarelli Vasiliki Kinigopoulou Chrysa Mastrodimou Water and Manufacturing Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic Elements Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies drinking water cow’s milk inorganic elements skim milk |
author_facet |
Chrysostomos Vasilios Milis Vincenzo Tufarelli Vasiliki Kinigopoulou Chrysa Mastrodimou |
author_sort |
Chrysostomos Vasilios Milis |
title |
Water and Manufacturing Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic Elements |
title_short |
Water and Manufacturing Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic Elements |
title_full |
Water and Manufacturing Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic Elements |
title_fullStr |
Water and Manufacturing Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic Elements |
title_full_unstemmed |
Water and Manufacturing Process Effect on Cow’s Milk Content in Essential Inorganic Elements |
title_sort |
water and manufacturing process effect on cow’s milk content in essential inorganic elements |
publisher |
Agroprint Timisoara |
series |
Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies |
issn |
1841-9364 2344-4576 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of mineral content of drinking water on mineral content of cow’s milk, and to evaluate the effect of skimming process on mineral content of milk. The mineral content of milk is particularly important to the infant food formula industry, whilst milk products cover significant proportion of adult requirements in inorganic elements. Presently water is not considered feed and official controls in EU are restricted to complete feed for ruminants (complementary feed and forages), excluding water quality and content. Nevertheless, water is the main constituent (87%) of milk. Thirty Holstein Friesian cows, with the same milk production; parity and stage of lactation where randomly allocated in to two equal groups and fed the same ration but had access to different water supply, in a changeover design. Additionally, milk samples with different fat content 0, 1.5 and 3.5% were taken during the year, from manufacturing milk supplies, representing the 90% of Greek milk pool. The elements determined were Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe by the use of atomic absorption spectroscopy, and P was determined through UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Water did not have significant effect on the content of Ca and P but significant effect on Mg, Cu and Mn content of milk. Milk fat removal significantly increased the content of Ca, P, and Mg. Manufacturing process did not affect micro element content. The elements Zn and Fe were not affected by manufacturing process neither by drinking water. Food composition tables should be updated as macro mineral content of milk is reduced gradually corresponding to higher yielding cows; whilst trace element content tend to increase as a result of higher proportion of concentrates fed. |
topic |
drinking water cow’s milk inorganic elements skim milk |
url |
http://spasb.ro/index.php/spasb/article/view/2421 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT chrysostomosvasiliosmilis waterandmanufacturingprocesseffectoncowsmilkcontentinessentialinorganicelements AT vincenzotufarelli waterandmanufacturingprocesseffectoncowsmilkcontentinessentialinorganicelements AT vasilikikinigopoulou waterandmanufacturingprocesseffectoncowsmilkcontentinessentialinorganicelements AT chrysamastrodimou waterandmanufacturingprocesseffectoncowsmilkcontentinessentialinorganicelements |
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