Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography Diagnosis
This article describes the automated computed tomography (CT) image processing technique supporting kidney detection. The main goal of the study is a fully automatic generation of a kidney boundary for each slice in the set of slices obtained in the computed tomography examination. This work describ...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-10-01
|
Series: | Applied Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/21/7512 |
id |
doaj-cf0c310ca33342e4bdb6ff2182bdb3ed |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-cf0c310ca33342e4bdb6ff2182bdb3ed2020-11-25T03:41:51ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-10-01107512751210.3390/app10217512Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography DiagnosisTomasz Les0Tomasz Markiewicz1Miroslaw Dziekiewicz2Malgorzata Lorent3Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, PolandMilitary Institute of Medicine, 04-349 Warsaw, PolandMilitary Institute of Medicine, 04-349 Warsaw, PolandThis article describes the automated computed tomography (CT) image processing technique supporting kidney detection. The main goal of the study is a fully automatic generation of a kidney boundary for each slice in the set of slices obtained in the computed tomography examination. This work describes three main tasks in the process of automatic kidney identification: the initial location of the kidneys using the U-Net convolutional neural network, the generation of an accurate kidney boundary using extended maxima transformation, and the application of the slice scanning algorithm supporting the process of generating the result for the next slice, using the result of the previous one. To assess the quality of the proposed technique of medical image analysis, automatic numerical tests were performed. In the test section, we presented numerical results, calculating the F1-score of kidney boundary detection by an automatic system, compared to the kidneys boundaries manually generated by a human expert from a medical center. The influence of the use of U-Net support in the initial detection of the kidney on the final F1-score of generating the kidney outline was also evaluated. The F1-score achieved by the automated system is <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>84</mn><mo>%</mo><mo> </mo><mo>±</mo><mo> </mo><mn>10</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for the system without U-Net support and <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>89</mn><mo>%</mo><mo> </mo><mo>±</mo><mo> </mo><mn>9</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for the system with U-Net support. Performance tests show that the presented technique can generate the kidney boundary up to 3 times faster than raw U-Net-based network. The proposed kidney recognition system can be successfully used in systems that require a very fast image processing time. The measurable effect of the developed techniques is a practical help for doctors, specialists from medical centers dealing with the analysis and description of medical image data.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/21/7512computer-aided diagnosisimage segmentationartificial intelligencekidney disease diagnosis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tomasz Les Tomasz Markiewicz Miroslaw Dziekiewicz Malgorzata Lorent |
spellingShingle |
Tomasz Les Tomasz Markiewicz Miroslaw Dziekiewicz Malgorzata Lorent Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography Diagnosis Applied Sciences computer-aided diagnosis image segmentation artificial intelligence kidney disease diagnosis |
author_facet |
Tomasz Les Tomasz Markiewicz Miroslaw Dziekiewicz Malgorzata Lorent |
author_sort |
Tomasz Les |
title |
Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography Diagnosis |
title_short |
Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography Diagnosis |
title_full |
Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography Diagnosis |
title_fullStr |
Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography Diagnosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Kidney Boundary Detection Algorithm Based on Extended Maxima Transformations for Computed Tomography Diagnosis |
title_sort |
kidney boundary detection algorithm based on extended maxima transformations for computed tomography diagnosis |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Applied Sciences |
issn |
2076-3417 |
publishDate |
2020-10-01 |
description |
This article describes the automated computed tomography (CT) image processing technique supporting kidney detection. The main goal of the study is a fully automatic generation of a kidney boundary for each slice in the set of slices obtained in the computed tomography examination. This work describes three main tasks in the process of automatic kidney identification: the initial location of the kidneys using the U-Net convolutional neural network, the generation of an accurate kidney boundary using extended maxima transformation, and the application of the slice scanning algorithm supporting the process of generating the result for the next slice, using the result of the previous one. To assess the quality of the proposed technique of medical image analysis, automatic numerical tests were performed. In the test section, we presented numerical results, calculating the F1-score of kidney boundary detection by an automatic system, compared to the kidneys boundaries manually generated by a human expert from a medical center. The influence of the use of U-Net support in the initial detection of the kidney on the final F1-score of generating the kidney outline was also evaluated. The F1-score achieved by the automated system is <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>84</mn><mo>%</mo><mo> </mo><mo>±</mo><mo> </mo><mn>10</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for the system without U-Net support and <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>89</mn><mo>%</mo><mo> </mo><mo>±</mo><mo> </mo><mn>9</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for the system with U-Net support. Performance tests show that the presented technique can generate the kidney boundary up to 3 times faster than raw U-Net-based network. The proposed kidney recognition system can be successfully used in systems that require a very fast image processing time. The measurable effect of the developed techniques is a practical help for doctors, specialists from medical centers dealing with the analysis and description of medical image data. |
topic |
computer-aided diagnosis image segmentation artificial intelligence kidney disease diagnosis |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/21/7512 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT tomaszles kidneyboundarydetectionalgorithmbasedonextendedmaximatransformationsforcomputedtomographydiagnosis AT tomaszmarkiewicz kidneyboundarydetectionalgorithmbasedonextendedmaximatransformationsforcomputedtomographydiagnosis AT miroslawdziekiewicz kidneyboundarydetectionalgorithmbasedonextendedmaximatransformationsforcomputedtomographydiagnosis AT malgorzatalorent kidneyboundarydetectionalgorithmbasedonextendedmaximatransformationsforcomputedtomographydiagnosis |
_version_ |
1724527919824371712 |