Human Mammary Tumor Virus, Human Papilloma Virus, and Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Are Associated With Sporadic Breast Cancer Metastasis

Background: Viral cause of sporadic breast cancer (SBC) has been suggested based on the experimental murine model of mammary tumor caused by mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human papillomavirus (HPV). While some studies have demonstrated the presence of viral sequence...

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Main Authors: Mohammad Al Hamad, Ismail Matalka, Mazhar Salim Al Zoubi, Ivana Armogida, Rawan Khasawneh, Maysa Al-Husaini, Maher Sughayer, Saied Jaradat, Amjad D Al-Nasser, Chiara Maria Mazzanti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2020-11-01
Series:Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/1178223420976388