Growth and mouth breathers

Objective: To assess the relationship between mouth breathing and growth disorders among children and teenagers. Data source: Search on MEDLINE database, over the last 10 years, by using the following terms: “mouth breathing”, “adenotonsilar hypertrophy”, “allergic rhinitis”, “sleep disturbance” AND...

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Main Authors: Mario Morais‐Almeida, Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen, Dirceu Solé
Format: Article
Language:Portuguese
Published: Elsevier 2019-03-01
Series:Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português)
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2255553619300047
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spelling doaj-cc303875612341489d8b38bd3c303a2a2020-11-25T00:12:53ZporElsevierJornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português)2255-55362019-03-01956671Growth and mouth breathersMario Morais‐Almeida0Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen1Dirceu Solé2Centro de Alergia dos Hospitais CUF, Lisboa, Portugal; Portuguese Society of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Departamento de Pediatria, São Paulo, SP, BrasilPortuguese Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Autor para correspondência.Objective: To assess the relationship between mouth breathing and growth disorders among children and teenagers. Data source: Search on MEDLINE database, over the last 10 years, by using the following terms: “mouth breathing”, “adenotonsilar hypertrophy”, “allergic rhinitis”, “sleep disturbance” AND “growth impairment”, “growth hormone”, “failure to thrive”, “short stature”, or “failure to thrive”. Data summary: A total of 247 articles were identified and, after reading the headings, this number was reduced to 45 articles, whose abstracts were read and, of these, 20 were deemed important and were included in the review. In addition of these articles, references mentioned in them and specific books on mouth breathing deemed important were included. Hypertrophy of palatine and/or pharyngeal tonsils, whether associated with allergic rhinitis, as well as poorly controlled allergic rhinitis, are the main causes of mouth breathing in children. Respiratory sleep disorders are frequent among these patients. Several studies associate mouth breathing with reduced growth, as well as with reduced growth hormone release, which are reestablished after effective treatment of mouth breathing (clinical and/or surgical). Conclusions: Mouth breathing should be considered as a potential cause of growth retardation in children; pediatricians should assess these patients in a broad manner. Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre respiração oral e distúrbios do crescimento entre crianças e adolescentes. Fonte de dados: Busca na base de dados do MEDLINE, nos últimos 10 anos, com o emprego dos seguintes termos: “mouth breathing” ou “adenotonsilar hypertrophy”, ou “allergic rhinitis” ou sleep disturbance” AND “growth impairment” ou “growth hormone” ou “failure to thrive” ou “short stature” ou “failure to thrive”. Síntese dos dados: Foram identificados 247 artigos, que após a leitura dos títulos foram reduzidos a 45, cujos resumos foram lidos e desses 20 foram considerados de importância e integraram a revisão. Além desses, referências por eles citadas e livros‐texto específicos sobre respiração oral considerados importantes foram incluídos. A hipertrofia de tonsilas palatinas e/ou faríngeas, associada ou não à rinite alérgica, assim como a rinite alérgica mal controlada, é a principal causa de respiração oral na criança. Distúrbios respiratórios do sono são frequentes entre esses pacientes. Vários estudos associam a respiração oral à redução do crescimento, bem como à redução de liberação de hormônio do crescimento, que são restabelecidos após o tratamento efetivo da respiração oral (clínico e/ou cirúrgico). Conclusões: A respiração oral deve ser cogitada como possível causa de retardo de crescimento em crianças e cabe ao pediatra a tarefa de investigar esses pacientes de forma mais abrangente. Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, Adenoid hypertrophy, Tonsillar hypertrophy, Mouth breather, Growth, Palavras‐chave: Rinite alérgica, Hipertrofia de adenoide, Hipertrofia de amígdala, Respirador oral, Crescimentohttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2255553619300047
collection DOAJ
language Portuguese
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Mario Morais‐Almeida
Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen
Dirceu Solé
spellingShingle Mario Morais‐Almeida
Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen
Dirceu Solé
Growth and mouth breathers
Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português)
author_facet Mario Morais‐Almeida
Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen
Dirceu Solé
author_sort Mario Morais‐Almeida
title Growth and mouth breathers
title_short Growth and mouth breathers
title_full Growth and mouth breathers
title_fullStr Growth and mouth breathers
title_full_unstemmed Growth and mouth breathers
title_sort growth and mouth breathers
publisher Elsevier
series Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português)
issn 2255-5536
publishDate 2019-03-01
description Objective: To assess the relationship between mouth breathing and growth disorders among children and teenagers. Data source: Search on MEDLINE database, over the last 10 years, by using the following terms: “mouth breathing”, “adenotonsilar hypertrophy”, “allergic rhinitis”, “sleep disturbance” AND “growth impairment”, “growth hormone”, “failure to thrive”, “short stature”, or “failure to thrive”. Data summary: A total of 247 articles were identified and, after reading the headings, this number was reduced to 45 articles, whose abstracts were read and, of these, 20 were deemed important and were included in the review. In addition of these articles, references mentioned in them and specific books on mouth breathing deemed important were included. Hypertrophy of palatine and/or pharyngeal tonsils, whether associated with allergic rhinitis, as well as poorly controlled allergic rhinitis, are the main causes of mouth breathing in children. Respiratory sleep disorders are frequent among these patients. Several studies associate mouth breathing with reduced growth, as well as with reduced growth hormone release, which are reestablished after effective treatment of mouth breathing (clinical and/or surgical). Conclusions: Mouth breathing should be considered as a potential cause of growth retardation in children; pediatricians should assess these patients in a broad manner. Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre respiração oral e distúrbios do crescimento entre crianças e adolescentes. Fonte de dados: Busca na base de dados do MEDLINE, nos últimos 10 anos, com o emprego dos seguintes termos: “mouth breathing” ou “adenotonsilar hypertrophy”, ou “allergic rhinitis” ou sleep disturbance” AND “growth impairment” ou “growth hormone” ou “failure to thrive” ou “short stature” ou “failure to thrive”. Síntese dos dados: Foram identificados 247 artigos, que após a leitura dos títulos foram reduzidos a 45, cujos resumos foram lidos e desses 20 foram considerados de importância e integraram a revisão. Além desses, referências por eles citadas e livros‐texto específicos sobre respiração oral considerados importantes foram incluídos. A hipertrofia de tonsilas palatinas e/ou faríngeas, associada ou não à rinite alérgica, assim como a rinite alérgica mal controlada, é a principal causa de respiração oral na criança. Distúrbios respiratórios do sono são frequentes entre esses pacientes. Vários estudos associam a respiração oral à redução do crescimento, bem como à redução de liberação de hormônio do crescimento, que são restabelecidos após o tratamento efetivo da respiração oral (clínico e/ou cirúrgico). Conclusões: A respiração oral deve ser cogitada como possível causa de retardo de crescimento em crianças e cabe ao pediatra a tarefa de investigar esses pacientes de forma mais abrangente. Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, Adenoid hypertrophy, Tonsillar hypertrophy, Mouth breather, Growth, Palavras‐chave: Rinite alérgica, Hipertrofia de adenoide, Hipertrofia de amígdala, Respirador oral, Crescimento
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2255553619300047
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