Emergence, Varieties of Explanation, and the Generality of Laws

• Main Author: J Schröder
• Format: Article
• Language: deu
• Published: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 2011-03-01
• Series: RUDN Journal of Philosophy
• Subjects: эмерджентность; законы природы; редуктивное объяснение; макрокачества
• Online Access: http://journals.rudn.ru/philosophy/article/view/11341

The principal aim of this paper is to show that a constraint that C.D. Broad imposed on the acceptability of deductions of macroproperties which would show them to be non-emergent, viz. that they use only general laws of nature, is too strong and should be replaced by the weaker condition that the deductions be non-trivial. First, the relevant notion of generality is made more precise. I propose that a law is general iff it is applicable to a diversity of phenomena relative to what I call «domain constitutive properties». In order to substantiate the claim that Broad's constraint is too strong I analyse three examples of explanations of macroproperties from robotics and the life sciences. All of them are non-trivial explanations and should thereby render the explained properties non-emergent. Finally, I briefly indicate three ways in which an explanation may be non-trivial.