AEF: Adaptive En-Route Filtering to Extend Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks
Static sink-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs) suffer from an energy-hole problem. This incurs as the rate of energy consumption on sensor nodes around sinks and on critical paths is considerably faster. State-of-the-art en-routing filtering schemes save energy by countering false report injectio...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-09-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/18/4036 |
| id |
doaj-cbfc6e3e2418408596c0f12efb69fbdd |
|---|---|
| record_format |
Article |
| spelling |
doaj-cbfc6e3e2418408596c0f12efb69fbdd2020-11-25T01:39:00ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-09-011918403610.3390/s19184036s19184036AEF: Adaptive En-Route Filtering to Extend Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor NetworksMuhammad K. Shahzad0S. M. Riazul Islam1Kyung-Sup Kwak2Lewis Nkenyereye3Department of Computing, SEECS, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Computer and Information Security, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, KoreaStatic sink-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs) suffer from an energy-hole problem. This incurs as the rate of energy consumption on sensor nodes around sinks and on critical paths is considerably faster. State-of-the-art en-routing filtering schemes save energy by countering false report injection attacks. In addition to their unique limitations, these schemes generally do not examine energy awareness in underlying routing. Mostly, these security methods are based on a fixed filtering capacity, unable to respond to changes in attack intensity. Therefore, these limitations cause network partition(s), exhibiting adverse effects on network lifetime. Extending network lifetime while preserving energy and security thus becomes an interesting challenge. In this article, we address the aforesaid shortcomings with the proposed adaptive en-route filtering (AEF) scheme. In energy-aware routing, the fitness function, which is used to select forwarding nodes, considers residual energy and other factors as opposed to distance only. In pre-deterministic key distribution, keys are distributed based on the consideration of having paths with a different number of verification nodes. This, consequently, permits us to have multiple paths with different security levels that can be exploited to counter different attack intensities. Taken together, the integration of the special fitness function with the new key distribution approach enables the AEF to adapt the underlying dynamic network conditions. The simulation experiments under different settings show significant improvements in network lifetime.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/18/4036filtering capacityadaptive filteringenergy-aware routingnetwork lifetimeenergy efficiencywireless sensor networks |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Muhammad K. Shahzad S. M. Riazul Islam Kyung-Sup Kwak Lewis Nkenyereye |
| spellingShingle |
Muhammad K. Shahzad S. M. Riazul Islam Kyung-Sup Kwak Lewis Nkenyereye AEF: Adaptive En-Route Filtering to Extend Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks Sensors filtering capacity adaptive filtering energy-aware routing network lifetime energy efficiency wireless sensor networks |
| author_facet |
Muhammad K. Shahzad S. M. Riazul Islam Kyung-Sup Kwak Lewis Nkenyereye |
| author_sort |
Muhammad K. Shahzad |
| title |
AEF: Adaptive En-Route Filtering to Extend Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_short |
AEF: Adaptive En-Route Filtering to Extend Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_full |
AEF: Adaptive En-Route Filtering to Extend Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_fullStr |
AEF: Adaptive En-Route Filtering to Extend Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed |
AEF: Adaptive En-Route Filtering to Extend Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_sort |
aef: adaptive en-route filtering to extend network lifetime in wireless sensor networks |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| series |
Sensors |
| issn |
1424-8220 |
| publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
| description |
Static sink-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs) suffer from an energy-hole problem. This incurs as the rate of energy consumption on sensor nodes around sinks and on critical paths is considerably faster. State-of-the-art en-routing filtering schemes save energy by countering false report injection attacks. In addition to their unique limitations, these schemes generally do not examine energy awareness in underlying routing. Mostly, these security methods are based on a fixed filtering capacity, unable to respond to changes in attack intensity. Therefore, these limitations cause network partition(s), exhibiting adverse effects on network lifetime. Extending network lifetime while preserving energy and security thus becomes an interesting challenge. In this article, we address the aforesaid shortcomings with the proposed adaptive en-route filtering (AEF) scheme. In energy-aware routing, the fitness function, which is used to select forwarding nodes, considers residual energy and other factors as opposed to distance only. In pre-deterministic key distribution, keys are distributed based on the consideration of having paths with a different number of verification nodes. This, consequently, permits us to have multiple paths with different security levels that can be exploited to counter different attack intensities. Taken together, the integration of the special fitness function with the new key distribution approach enables the AEF to adapt the underlying dynamic network conditions. The simulation experiments under different settings show significant improvements in network lifetime. |
| topic |
filtering capacity adaptive filtering energy-aware routing network lifetime energy efficiency wireless sensor networks |
| url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/18/4036 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT muhammadkshahzad aefadaptiveenroutefilteringtoextendnetworklifetimeinwirelesssensornetworks AT smriazulislam aefadaptiveenroutefilteringtoextendnetworklifetimeinwirelesssensornetworks AT kyungsupkwak aefadaptiveenroutefilteringtoextendnetworklifetimeinwirelesssensornetworks AT lewisnkenyereye aefadaptiveenroutefilteringtoextendnetworklifetimeinwirelesssensornetworks |
| _version_ |
1725050835660963840 |