Antibody-Mediated Therapy against HIV/AIDS: Where Are We Standing Now?

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases are on the rise globally. To date, there is still no effective measure to eradicate the causative agent, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is being used in HIV/AIDS management, but it results in long-term...

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Main Authors: Noel Jacques Awi, Sin-Yeang Teow
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2018-01-01
Series:Journal of Pathogens
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8724549
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spelling doaj-cbc4d4a4ca174759ada37e0eea14c0322020-11-25T00:48:36ZengHindawi LimitedJournal of Pathogens2090-30572090-30652018-01-01201810.1155/2018/87245498724549Antibody-Mediated Therapy against HIV/AIDS: Where Are We Standing Now?Noel Jacques Awi0Sin-Yeang Teow1Department of Medical Sciences (DMS), School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences (SHMS), Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Sciences (DMS), School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences (SHMS), Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases are on the rise globally. To date, there is still no effective measure to eradicate the causative agent, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is being used in HIV/AIDS management, but it results in long-term medication and has major drawbacks such as multiple side effects, high cost, and increasing the generation rate of escape mutants. In addition, HAART does not control HIV-related complications, and hence more medications and further management are required. With this, other alternatives are urgently needed. In the past, small-molecule inhibitors have shown potent antiviral effects, and some of them are now being evaluated in clinical trials. The challenges in developing these small molecules for clinical use include the off-target effect, poor stability, and low bioavailability. On the other hand, antibody-mediated therapy has emerged as an important therapeutic modality for anti-HIV therapeutics development. Many antiviral antibodies, namely, broad neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against multiple strains of HIV, have shown promising effects in vitro and in animal studies; further studies are ongoing in clinical trials to evaluate their uses in clinical applications. This short review aims to discuss the current development of therapeutic antibodies against HIV and the challenges in adopting them for clinical use.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8724549
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Noel Jacques Awi
Sin-Yeang Teow
spellingShingle Noel Jacques Awi
Sin-Yeang Teow
Antibody-Mediated Therapy against HIV/AIDS: Where Are We Standing Now?
Journal of Pathogens
author_facet Noel Jacques Awi
Sin-Yeang Teow
author_sort Noel Jacques Awi
title Antibody-Mediated Therapy against HIV/AIDS: Where Are We Standing Now?
title_short Antibody-Mediated Therapy against HIV/AIDS: Where Are We Standing Now?
title_full Antibody-Mediated Therapy against HIV/AIDS: Where Are We Standing Now?
title_fullStr Antibody-Mediated Therapy against HIV/AIDS: Where Are We Standing Now?
title_full_unstemmed Antibody-Mediated Therapy against HIV/AIDS: Where Are We Standing Now?
title_sort antibody-mediated therapy against hiv/aids: where are we standing now?
publisher Hindawi Limited
series Journal of Pathogens
issn 2090-3057
2090-3065
publishDate 2018-01-01
description Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases are on the rise globally. To date, there is still no effective measure to eradicate the causative agent, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is being used in HIV/AIDS management, but it results in long-term medication and has major drawbacks such as multiple side effects, high cost, and increasing the generation rate of escape mutants. In addition, HAART does not control HIV-related complications, and hence more medications and further management are required. With this, other alternatives are urgently needed. In the past, small-molecule inhibitors have shown potent antiviral effects, and some of them are now being evaluated in clinical trials. The challenges in developing these small molecules for clinical use include the off-target effect, poor stability, and low bioavailability. On the other hand, antibody-mediated therapy has emerged as an important therapeutic modality for anti-HIV therapeutics development. Many antiviral antibodies, namely, broad neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against multiple strains of HIV, have shown promising effects in vitro and in animal studies; further studies are ongoing in clinical trials to evaluate their uses in clinical applications. This short review aims to discuss the current development of therapeutic antibodies against HIV and the challenges in adopting them for clinical use.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8724549
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