Reduction of cutaneous von Frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulation

Background: Autism spectrum disorder is an alteration of neurodevelopment with a conspicuous display of behaviors in children between 2 and 3 years of age. Basic behavioral manifestations are social isolation, language impairment, and motor problems. However, there are also manifestations related to...

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Main Authors: Adhara I. Fernández-Lechuga, Linda Y. Nuñez-Arcos, Porfirio Carrillo, Luis I. García, Genaro A. Coria-Ávila, Rebeca Toledo, María Elena Hernández, Jorge Manzo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Permanyer 2021-07-01
Series:Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.revmexneurociencia.com/frame_esp.php?id=129
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author Adhara I. Fernández-Lechuga
Linda Y. Nuñez-Arcos
Porfirio Carrillo
Luis I. García
Genaro A. Coria-Ávila
Rebeca Toledo
María Elena Hernández
Jorge Manzo
spellingShingle Adhara I. Fernández-Lechuga
Linda Y. Nuñez-Arcos
Porfirio Carrillo
Luis I. García
Genaro A. Coria-Ávila
Rebeca Toledo
María Elena Hernández
Jorge Manzo
Reduction of cutaneous von Frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulation
Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia
Skin sensitivity. Emotional response. Enriched stimulation. Autistic boys. / Sensibilidad cutánea. Respuesta emocional. Estimulación enriquecida. Niños con autismo.
author_facet Adhara I. Fernández-Lechuga
Linda Y. Nuñez-Arcos
Porfirio Carrillo
Luis I. García
Genaro A. Coria-Ávila
Rebeca Toledo
María Elena Hernández
Jorge Manzo
author_sort Adhara I. Fernández-Lechuga
title Reduction of cutaneous von Frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulation
title_short Reduction of cutaneous von Frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulation
title_full Reduction of cutaneous von Frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulation
title_fullStr Reduction of cutaneous von Frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulation
title_full_unstemmed Reduction of cutaneous von Frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulation
title_sort reduction of cutaneous von frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulation
publisher Permanyer
series Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia
issn 2604-6180
publishDate 2021-07-01
description Background: Autism spectrum disorder is an alteration of neurodevelopment with a conspicuous display of behaviors in children between 2 and 3 years of age. Basic behavioral manifestations are social isolation, language impairment, and motor problems. However, there are also manifestations related to sensory perception, although knowledge about tactile stimulation is yet poorly understood. Objective: We aimed to determine changes in the cutaneous sensitivity of autistic boys following a program of tactile and emotional stimulation. Methods: Sensory stimulation was applied as therapy to six autistic boys 5-12 years old. As stimuli, we used bubble paper and a skin massager twice a week for 1 year. During stimulation, kids were allowed to walk in socks during 2 min on a 2 × 2 m carpet made of bubble paper and asked to burst the bubbles. In addition, a handheld massager was used to stimulate the skin on the forearm and face cheek with level 2 of intensity for 2 min. Following stimulation, the cutaneous sensitivity threshold was obtained using von Frey fibers on the forearm and face cheek. Kids were asked to keep their eyes closed and to indicate their perception by pointing with a finger toward the stimulated area. Results: Our data indicate that kids were capable of perceiving smaller fibers with consecutive therapy sessions. Conclusion: Tactile and sensory stimulation to autistic children modifies cutaneous sensitivity, perhaps with an improved perception of the general environment and consequently social behavior. Antecedentes: El trastorno del espectro autista es una alteración del neurodesarrollo con manifestaciones conductuales particulares en niños entre los 2-3 años de edad. Las conductas básicas son el aislamiento social, alteraciones del lenguaje y problemas motores. Sin embargo, existen también modificaciones relacionadas con la percepción sensorial, aunque el conocimiento sobre ello es aún pobre. Objetivo: Tuvimos el propósito de determinar la sensibilidad cutánea de niños con autismo siguiendo un programa de estimulación táctil y emocional. Métodos: Aplicamos dos estímulos sensoriales a 6 niños con autismo de 5 a 12 años de edad. Los estímulos utilizados fueron papel burbuja y un masajeador, dos veces por semana durante un año. Un cuadro de 2 x 2 m de papel burbuja se colocó en el piso y la prueba consistió en que cada niño caminara en calcetas por dos minutos tratando de reventar las burbujas. Un masajeador manual fue utilizado para estimular la piel del antebrazo y la mejilla a un nivel 2 de intensidad por dos minutos. Después de los estímulos, el umbral a la sensibilidad cutánea se obtuvo usando fibras de von Fray sobre el antebrazo y la mejilla, pidiendo a los niños mantener los ojos cerrados y señalando la percepción con un dedo el área estimulada. Resultados: A medida que la terapia se aplicó continuamente, cada niño fue capaz de percibir fibras más pequeñas. Conclusiones: Una estimulación enriquecida táctil y sensorial de niños con autismo modifica la sensibilidad cutánea, probablemente con una percepción mejorada del ambiente en general y consecuentemente de la conducta social.  
topic Skin sensitivity. Emotional response. Enriched stimulation. Autistic boys. / Sensibilidad cutánea. Respuesta emocional. Estimulación enriquecida. Niños con autismo.
url https://www.revmexneurociencia.com/frame_esp.php?id=129
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spelling doaj-cbb9757fefcc44db9c1ca406302f8d562021-06-15T20:49:08ZengPermanyerRevista Mexicana de Neurociencia2604-61802021-07-0122310.24875/RMN.20000002Reduction of cutaneous von Frey thresholds in boys with autism following a year of tactile and emotional stimulationAdhara I. Fernández-Lechuga0Linda Y. Nuñez-Arcos1Porfirio Carrillo2Luis I. García3Genaro A. Coria-Ávila4Rebeca Toledo5María Elena Hernández6Jorge Manzo7Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, MexicoCentro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, MexicoInstituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, MexicoCentro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, MexicoCentro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, MexicoCentro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, MexicoCentro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, MexicoCentro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, MexicoBackground: Autism spectrum disorder is an alteration of neurodevelopment with a conspicuous display of behaviors in children between 2 and 3 years of age. Basic behavioral manifestations are social isolation, language impairment, and motor problems. However, there are also manifestations related to sensory perception, although knowledge about tactile stimulation is yet poorly understood. Objective: We aimed to determine changes in the cutaneous sensitivity of autistic boys following a program of tactile and emotional stimulation. Methods: Sensory stimulation was applied as therapy to six autistic boys 5-12 years old. As stimuli, we used bubble paper and a skin massager twice a week for 1 year. During stimulation, kids were allowed to walk in socks during 2 min on a 2 × 2 m carpet made of bubble paper and asked to burst the bubbles. In addition, a handheld massager was used to stimulate the skin on the forearm and face cheek with level 2 of intensity for 2 min. Following stimulation, the cutaneous sensitivity threshold was obtained using von Frey fibers on the forearm and face cheek. Kids were asked to keep their eyes closed and to indicate their perception by pointing with a finger toward the stimulated area. Results: Our data indicate that kids were capable of perceiving smaller fibers with consecutive therapy sessions. Conclusion: Tactile and sensory stimulation to autistic children modifies cutaneous sensitivity, perhaps with an improved perception of the general environment and consequently social behavior. Antecedentes: El trastorno del espectro autista es una alteración del neurodesarrollo con manifestaciones conductuales particulares en niños entre los 2-3 años de edad. Las conductas básicas son el aislamiento social, alteraciones del lenguaje y problemas motores. Sin embargo, existen también modificaciones relacionadas con la percepción sensorial, aunque el conocimiento sobre ello es aún pobre. Objetivo: Tuvimos el propósito de determinar la sensibilidad cutánea de niños con autismo siguiendo un programa de estimulación táctil y emocional. Métodos: Aplicamos dos estímulos sensoriales a 6 niños con autismo de 5 a 12 años de edad. Los estímulos utilizados fueron papel burbuja y un masajeador, dos veces por semana durante un año. Un cuadro de 2 x 2 m de papel burbuja se colocó en el piso y la prueba consistió en que cada niño caminara en calcetas por dos minutos tratando de reventar las burbujas. Un masajeador manual fue utilizado para estimular la piel del antebrazo y la mejilla a un nivel 2 de intensidad por dos minutos. Después de los estímulos, el umbral a la sensibilidad cutánea se obtuvo usando fibras de von Fray sobre el antebrazo y la mejilla, pidiendo a los niños mantener los ojos cerrados y señalando la percepción con un dedo el área estimulada. Resultados: A medida que la terapia se aplicó continuamente, cada niño fue capaz de percibir fibras más pequeñas. Conclusiones: Una estimulación enriquecida táctil y sensorial de niños con autismo modifica la sensibilidad cutánea, probablemente con una percepción mejorada del ambiente en general y consecuentemente de la conducta social.   https://www.revmexneurociencia.com/frame_esp.php?id=129Skin sensitivity. Emotional response. Enriched stimulation. Autistic boys. / Sensibilidad cutánea. Respuesta emocional. Estimulación enriquecida. Niños con autismo.